2.1 Criteria and Principles Traditional idea:"faithfulness to the original" Literary translation: -fictional aiming at faithful reproduction of the original idea,the original alien flavor and the style Pragmatic translation: -real world -aiming at influencing the target audience to cause actions or change attitudes 2.1 Criteria and Principles Traditional idea: “faithfulness to the original”  Literary translation: -fictional - aiming at faithful reproduction of the original idea, the original alien flavor and the style  Pragmatic translation: -real world -aiming at influencing the target audience to cause actions or change attitudes