上游充通大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 10.3 Isolated system and Boltzmann hypothesis The average properties of the system are determined by the time average of the microstates An isolated system: Particle number:N;Fixed volume:V Energy of each microstate:E (all microstates are equally probable) Constant N,E,V Then:entropy of the system:S In 2:最可几分布微观状态数 配置熵：Configurational entropy S=kIn IAO TONG UNI k:Boltzmann常数 N! 2= N!Nn! The collecction of all possible micrsoates to be an ensamble,titled: Microcanonical ensemble 微正则系综10.3 Isolated system and Boltzmann hypothesis An isolated system： Particle number: N; Fixed volume: V Energy of each microstate: E (all microstates are equally probable) Constant N, E, V Then: entropy of the system：S ∝ ln  ， : 最可几分布微观状态数 配置熵 : Configurational entropy S ＝ k ln  k： Boltzmann常数 The average properties of the system are determined by the time average of the microstates The collecction of all possible micrsoates to be an ensamble, titled: Microcanonical ensemble 微正则 系综