安徽农业大学学报,2016,43(6):961-966 Journal of Anhui Agricultural University DO10.13610jcnk1672-352x20161205016网络出版时间:2016/12/510:0900 IuRl]hTtp://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/34.1162.s.20161205.1009.032.html 不同微生物菌剂对甘蔗渣有机肥发酵质量的影响 彭宇!,郭亚丽,马莹1,刘锦华1,丁婷2,齐永霞2,李章海3 (1.贵州省烟草公司黔西南州烟草公司,兴义5630002.安徽农业大学植物保护学院,合肥230036: 3.中国科学技术大学烟草与健康研究中心,合肥230052) 摘要:以4种微生物菌剂为材料,比较4种菌剂的有效活菌数、纤维素酶活以及中性蛋白酶活:并以甘蔗渣 为主要原料,添加合适比例牛粪进行高温堆肥试验,研究甘蔗渣有机肥中加λ4种微生物菌剂后的有机质、总养分、 酸碱度、速效氮、腐殖酸等营养指标,以及微生物菌群数量和蛔虫卵死亡率等变化。结果袤明,4种微生物菌剂中 微生物菌剂B不仅有效活菌数达到国标中有效活菌数(cfu)≥0.5亿·g的要求,且其纤维素酶和中性蛋白酶活 力较强:添加微生物菌剂B的甘蔗渣有机肥发酵后,其有杋肥中的各营养指标以及有斂活菌数均明显增加,蛔虫 卵死亡率为95.13%,大肠菌群数量为85个g!。研究结果表明微生物菌剂B可在实际生产中推广应用。 关键词:微生物菌剂:甘蔗渣有机肥;发酵质量 中图分类号:S144 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672-352X(201606-0961-06 Effect of four microbial agents on the quality of sugarcane residue organic fertilizer (1. Southwest Prefecture Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province, Xingyi 5630 xia2 LI Zhanghai PENG Yu, GUO Yali, MA Ying, LIU Jinhua, DING Ting, QI Yong 2. School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036; 3. Center of Tobacco and Healthy research, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230052) Abstract: In the study, the effective living microorganisms, cellulase activity and neutral protease activity of four microbial agents were detected and compared. Then high temperature composting experiments were con- ducted using mixture of sugarcane residue and shard waste to study the effects of four microbial agents on the quality of sugarcane residue organic fertilizer. The content changes of organic matter, total nutrient, pH, available nitrogen, humic acid, the numbers of microorganisms and ascaris eggs were determined. The results indicated that the effective living microorganisms of microbial agent B reached the GB standard, the activities of cellulase and neutral protease of microbial agent B were stronger than the others, and adding microbial agent B could increase the contents of the above nutritional indicators and the numbers of microorganisms. Moreover The mortality rate of ascaris eggs and the number of Escherichia coli of treatment which was added to microbial agent B were 95. 13% and 85 g respectively. The results afforded scientific basis for application of microbial agent B Key words: microbial agents; sugarcane residue organic fertilizer; fermentation quality 作物秸秆是重要的可再生资源,但每到收获季保护亟待解决的问题。 节,我国各地大量作物秸秆却因不能被及时、有效 微生物菌剂作为一种重要的秸秆促腐产品,能 地处理,导致秸秆焚烧现象严重,这不仅造成了资够有效地分解、腐熟有机物料,使有机物料转化成 源的浪费,而且严重污染了环境3。此外,伴随着有机肥。研究表明,接种微生物菌剂可使堆肥发酵 中国畜禽养殖业的发展,畜禽粪便已成为重要的农提前达到高温期,提高发酵温度,缩短堆肥腐熟时 业废弃物和环境污染源。因此,合理有效地利用作间,而发酵过程中产生的高温还可以杀死秸秆堆料 物秸秆和畜禽粪便,已成为农业可持续发展和环境中的病原菌、虫卵、杂草种子等,并有利于堆肥的 收稿日期:201605-11 基金项目:甘蔗渣自制有机肥生产工艺研究(合同号:201411)资助。 作者简介:彭宇,农艺师。E-mal:pengyu2l5amsn.com 通信作者:丁婷,博士,副教授。E-mail:dongting98@126.com收稿日期: 2016-05-11 基金项目: 甘蔗渣自制有机肥生产工艺研究（合同号：201411）资助。 作者简介: 彭 宇，农艺师。E-mail：pengyu215@msn.com * 通信作者: 丁 婷，博士，副教授。E-mail：dingting98@126.com 安徽农业大学学报, 2016, 43(6): 961-966 Journal of Anhui Agricultural University [DOI] 10.13610/j.cnki.1672-352x.20161205.016 网络出版时间：2016/12/5 10:09:00 [URL] http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/34.1162.S.20161205.1009.032.html 不同微生物菌剂对甘蔗渣有机肥发酵质量的影响 彭 宇 1 ，郭亚丽 1 ，马 莹 1 ，刘锦华 1 ，丁 婷 2*，齐永霞 2 ，李章海 3 (1. 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州烟草公司，兴义 563000；2. 安徽农业大学植物保护学院，合肥 230036； 3. 中国科学技术大学烟草与健康研究中心，合肥 230052) 摘 要：以 4 种微生物菌剂为材料，比较 4 种菌剂的有效活菌数、纤维素酶活以及中性蛋白酶活；并以甘蔗渣 为主要原料，添加合适比例牛粪进行高温堆肥试验，研究甘蔗渣有机肥中加入 4 种微生物菌剂后的有机质、总养分、 酸碱度、速效氮、腐殖酸等营养指标，以及微生物菌群数量和蛔虫卵死亡率等变化。结果表明，4 种微生物菌剂中， 微生物菌剂 B 不仅有效活菌数达到国标中有效活菌数（cfu）≥0.5 亿·g-1 的要求，且其纤维素酶和中性蛋白酶活 力较强；添加微生物菌剂 B 的甘蔗渣有机肥发酵后，其有机肥中的各营养指标以及有效活菌数均明显增加，蛔虫 卵死亡率为 95.13%，大肠菌群数量为 85 个·g-1。研究结果表明微生物菌剂 B 可在实际生产中推广应用。 关键词：微生物菌剂；甘蔗渣有机肥；发酵质量 中图分类号：S144 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672352X (2016)06096106 Effect of four microbial agents on the quality of sugarcane residue organic fertilizer PENG Yu1 , GUO Yali1 , MA Ying1 , LIU Jinhua1 , DING Ting2 , QI Yongxia2 , LI Zhanghai3 (1. Southwest Prefecture Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province, Xingyi 563000; 2. School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036; 3. Center of Tobacco and Healthy Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230052) Abstract: In the study, the effective living microorganisms, cellulase activity and neutral protease activity of four microbial agents were detected and compared. Then high temperature composting experiments were con￾ducted using mixture of sugarcane residue and shard waste to study the effects of four microbial agents on the quality of sugarcane residue organic fertilizer. The content changes of organic matter, total nutrient, pH, available nitrogen, humic acid, the numbers of microorganisms and ascaris eggs were determined. The results indicated that the effective living microorganisms of microbial agent B reached the GB standard, the activities of cellulase and neutral protease of microbial agent B were stronger than the others, and adding microbial agent B could increase the contents of the above nutritional indicators and the numbers of microorganisms. Moreover.The mortality rate of ascaris eggs and the number of Escherichia coli of treatment which was added to microbial agent B were 95.13% and 85·g-1 respectively. The results afforded scientific basis for application of microbial agent B. Key words: microbial agents; sugarcane residue organic fertilizer; fermentation quality 作物秸秆是重要的可再生资源，但每到收获季 节，我国各地大量作物秸秆却因不能被及时、有效 地处理，导致秸秆焚烧现象严重，这不仅造成了资 源的浪费，而且严重污染了环境[1-3]。此外，伴随着 中国畜禽养殖业的发展，畜禽粪便已成为重要的农 业废弃物和环境污染源。因此，合理有效地利用作 物秸秆和畜禽粪便，已成为农业可持续发展和环境 保护亟待解决的问题。 微生物菌剂作为一种重要的秸秆促腐产品，能 够有效地分解、腐熟有机物料，使有机物料转化成 有机肥。研究表明，接种微生物菌剂可使堆肥发酵 提前达到高温期，提高发酵温度，缩短堆肥腐熟时 间，而发酵过程中产生的高温还可以杀死秸秆堆料 中的病原菌、虫卵、杂草种子等，并有利于堆肥的