Frequency analysis seems to be a suitable criterion for the analysis of patterns and their TEs because it provides information about the usage of words. In addition, it can also be expected that translators and language learners come across the frequent structures regularly. An alternative expression may be a grammatically correct substitute, but it be less frequently used and therefore be a marked fo Overall, the preliminary find ings presented seem to indicate that words in a bilingual context are more likely to be interpreted or translated within meaning categories than one-to-one equivalents. A chosen synonym or translation equivalent will have its own valency pattern and impose this on the clause structure. Nevertheless, the investigation has also shown that syntactic pattens can be a useful indicator of likely meaning and are therefore valuable for learners of English or in translation training The contrastive approach demonstrated, working with parallel corpora, frequency analysis, and presentation of valency sentence patterns, highlights similarities and differences between two languages with regard to the choice of TEs and is a useful aid to ranking key translations based on actual usage. These findings can be utilised in dictionary compilation, language teaching and translation stud ies Sources Europarlcorpuswww.statmt.org/europarl/ BankofEnglishcorpushttp://www.titaniabham.ac.uk DeutschesReferenzKorpus:http://www.ids-mannheim.de/kl/projekte/dereko/ InstitutfurDeutscheSprachehttp://wwwl.ids-mannheim.de/index.php?id=1and http://hypermedia.ids-mannheim.de/evalbu/index.html Notes [1] Examples based on occurrences or non-occurrences in the BoE [2] The contrastive examples show the letter'E' for the English sentence and the lette G for its correspond ing counterpart in EuroParl [3] The definition of object' is based on Quirk et al(1985) who argue that the object has a variety of realisation forms, such as that, wh-or non-finite clauses [4] SEIN is not the only possible verb, but the most frequent. For example, the verb VERTRETEN as in 'die Ansicht VERTRETEN is also possible References Allerton, D.J. 1982. Valency and the English Verb. London: Academic Press Bianco, M. T. 1988. "Zur Kontrastierung deutscher und italienischen Verben auf basis do Valenztheorie Valencen im Kontrast, ed. by P. Mrazovic& w. Teubert. Heidelberg: Julius Gross verlag. 40-6 Biber, D, S. Conrad &G. Leech. 2002. Longman Student Grammarof spoken and Written English Harlow: Pearson BuBmann, H. 1983. Lexikon der Sprachwissenschaft. Stuttgart: Alfred Kroner Cornell, A, K. Fischer I F. Roe. 2003. Valency in Practice- Valen: in der Praxis. Bern: Peter20 Frequency analysis seems to be a suitable criterion for the analysis of patterns and their TEs because it provides information about the usage of words. In addition, it can also be expected that translators and language learners come across the frequent structures regularly. An alternative expression may be a grammatically correct substitute, but it may be less frequently used and therefore be a marked form. Overall, the preliminary findings presented seem to indicate that words in a bilingual context are more likely to be interpreted or translated within meaning categories than one-to-one equivalents. A chosen synonym or translation equivalent will have its own valency pattern and impose this on the clause structure. Nevertheless, the investigation has also shown that syntactic patterns can be a useful indicator of likely meaning and are therefore valuable for learners of English or in translation training. The contrastive approach demonstrated, working with parallel corpora, frequency analysis, and presentation of valency sentence patterns, highlights similarities and differences between two languages with regard to the choice of TEs and is a useful aid to ranking key translations based on actual usage. These findings can be utilised in dictionary compilation, language teaching and translation studies. Sources EuroParl corpus: www.statmt.org/europarl/. Bank of English corpus: http://www.titania.bham.ac.uk. Deutsches Referenz Korpus: http://www.ids-mannheim.de/kl/projekte/dereko/. Institut für Deutsche Sprache: http://www1.ids-mannheim.de/index.php?id=1 and http://hypermedia.ids-mannheim.de/evalbu/index.html. Notes [1] Examples based on occurrences or non-occurrences in the BoE. [2] The contrastive examples show the letter ‘E’ for the English sentence and the letter ‘G’ for its corresponding counterpart in EuroParl. [3] The definition of ‘object’ is based on Quirk et al (1985) who argue that the object has a variety of realisation forms, such as that-, wh- or non-finite clauses. [4] SEIN is not the only possible verb, but the most frequent. For example, the verb VERTRETEN as in ‘die Ansicht VERTRETEN’ is also possible. References Allerton, D.J. 1982. Valency and the English Verb. London: Academic Press. Bianco, M. T. 1988. “Zur Kontrastierung deutscher und italienischer Verben auf Basis der Valenztheorie”. Valenzen im Kontrast, ed. by P. Mrazović & W. Teubert. Heidelberg: Julius Gross Verlag. 40–61. Biber, D., S. Conrad & G. Leech. 2002. Longman Student Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Pearson. Bußmann, H. 1983. Lexikon der Sprachwissenschaft. Stuttgart: Alfred Kröner. Cornell, A., K. Fischer & I.F. Roe. 2003. Valency in Practice – Valenz in der Praxis. Bern: Peter Lang