compound-target network embodied 207 nodes(17 potential compounds and 190 potential targets). The mean degree value(the number of associated targets)of candidate components was 18.1, and 1l components possessed a mean degree value greater than 12, suggesting that most components associated with multiple targets to exert different biological and pharmacological effects. The major components and its target numbers are shown in Table S3. Specifically, components such as caffeine, beta-sitosterol(Sito) and arachidonic acid(AA), which acted on 54, 38 and 38 targets respectively, were the crucial active components for O. sinensis in this network. The second major components are oleic acid, cordycepin and nicotinic acid mmune regulation mode. Previous data showed that the targets of O. sinensis were involved in immune function that included positive regulation of the immune system to bacterial infection, and T and B cell function. Cytokines also play an important role in the activation and regulation of immune responses. As can be seen from Figure 3, marked target genes make a contribution to the production of interferon which are detected to connect with anti-virus or bacterial responses. On the other hand, components in O. sinensis also possess anti-inflammatory effects during both our prediction and some other studies. For instance, cordycepin was observed to suppress LPS-stimulated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFa and IL-1B through NF kB pathway, Sito was observed to induce cancer cell line apoptosis through decrease the expression of apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 which makes it a candidate for cancer chemotherapy. Besides, cordycepin was predicted to interact with ROCK which related to leukocyte migration and this may contribute to the formation of germinal6 compound-target network embodied 207 nodes (17 potential compounds and 190 potential targets). The mean degree value (the number of associated targets) of candidate components was 18.1, and 11 components possessed a mean degree value greater than 12, suggesting that most components associated with multiple targets to exert different biological and pharmacological effects. The major components and its target numbers are shown in Table S3. Specifically, components such as caffeine, beta-sitosterol (Sito) and arachidonic acid (AA), which acted on 54, 38 and 38 targets, respectively, were the crucial active components for O. sinensis in this network. The second major components are oleic acid, cordycepin and nicotinic acid. Immune regulation mode. Previous data showed that the targets of O. sinensis were involved in immune function that included positive regulation of the immune system to bacterial infection, and T and B cell function. Cytokines also play an important role in the activation and regulation of immune responses. As can be seen from Figure 3, marked target genes make a contribution to the production of interferon which are detected to connect with anti-virus or bacterial responses. On the other hand, components in O. sinensis also possess anti-inflammatory effects during both our prediction and some other studies. For instance, cordycepin was observed to suppress LPS-stimulated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β through NF- κB pathway31; Sito was observed to induce cancer cell line apoptosis through decrease the expression of apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 which makes it a candidate for cancer chemotherapy32. Besides, cordycepin was predicted to interact with ROCK which related to leukocyte migration and this may contribute to the formation of germinal