dv-fad,+fadF-F 一维直线运动 a-at).a a0).-at V=6+a0)dh→x=x0 .far-Jowx -ar-0=0 a=alx),a-4-a(x),Jdv-fa(xdrX dt 换元法：a=亚-业在-r业=a dt dx dt dx vav a(xyds r-=aa达→r===0 圆周运动 h’Bsdo 6=60,a=d0 V=R,a,=RB,an=o2R dt 0=o0,B=d0, di =0(),do=adt o-fo,-0.+focd 0=0(0),B=do=do.dodo =0 dt de dt de a0,8-a=0=a0 de 0= dt B=B),B=daB),do-)d d o=a,+0jB0)dt→0=80 a-o).)o dt da.do=p),dB) odo B(Oyo 0-时-on38=am0)s0=a0 B=Aa,B-h-e%-a →0=o(t0→0=0t) 22   = V t V dV a t dt 0 ( ) 0     ，  = + t V V a t dt 0 0 ( )     r r(t)   = 一维直线运动 a = a(t)， a(t) dt dV a = = ，   = V t V dV a t dt 0 ( ) 0  = + t V V a t dt 0 0 ( )  x = x(t) a = a(V) ， a(V) dt dV a = = ，   dV = a(V)dt   = V t V dt a V dV 0 0 ( )  V = V (t)  x = x(t) a = a(x)， a(x) dt dV a = = ，   dV = a(x)dt 换元法： a(x) dx dV V dt dx dx dV dt dV a = =  = =   = x x V V VdV a x dx 0 0 ( )  − = x x V V a x dx 0 ( ) 2 1 2 1 2 0 2  V = V (x)  x = x(t) 圆周运动  =  (t)， dt d  = ， dt d  = ，V =R ，at = R ，an R 2 =   =(t) ， dt d  = ， dt d  = = (t) ， d =dt   = t d t dt 0 ( ) 0     ，  = + t t dt 0 0   ( )  = ( ) ， dt d  =       d d dt d d d =  = dt d  = = ( )，   = t dt d 0 0 ( )        = (t)  = (t) ， dt d  = = (t)，   = t d t dt 0 ( ) 0      = + t t dt 0 0   ( )   =  (t)  = ( ) ， dt d  = = ( ) ，  ( )     = dt d d d ， ( )    = d d   =          0 0 d ( )d  − =        0 ( ) 2 1 2 1 2 0 2 d   =( )   = (t)  =  () ， dt d  = =  ()，   = t dt d 0 0 ( )        =(t)   = (t)