perform all kinds of possible combination of signals.The power sequence between CPU and chipsets is coordinated to a right order by means of FPGA.Signal integrity difference between them is avoided and trimmed to right state by amending their signals in FPGA.In this system,the experimental results show that this architecture and these methods simultaneously make more chipsets work together to be adapted than before in a single motherboard.And that avoids researching and developing many different motherboards for every kind of possible chipsets,and saves a lot of money.A high performance server chipsets can be found to properly match loongson CPU,which have better specifications and higher performance than those current ones used for loongson CPU.A prototype system of loongson CPU and five kinds of chipsets is designed and implemented.By the above architecture and methods,a kind of optimal server chipsets SR5690+SP5100 have been found and the matching principles or correct settings about signal connection and power sequence have been concluded.Loongson 3B4000 two-way SMP motherboard with SR5690+SP5100 chipsets is also produced.On this motherboard,the results of evaluation experiments on computing performance test by SPEC CPU 2006 program,storage performance test by IOzone program and network performance test by Netperf program are performed.Compared with current loongson 3B4000 server with 7A1000 chipset,the test results show the performance on three items is improved about 10% The combination of loongson CPU and this kind of server chipsets provides wider applications in server marke omotes development of loongson CPU in its ecosystem. KEY WORDS loongson;chipsets;adaption;server,field programmable gate ar 集成电路是国家信息产业发展的核心领域，而CPU(中央处理器)则是集成电路中的核心元器 件。目前国家对信息安全有着迫切的要求，如果没有CU的国产化与自主化，国家安全将无从谈起 。龙芯CPU、飞腾CPU、申威CPU是目前被国家认可的：应用领域比较广的三款自主可控CPUB 习。“龙芯”处理器是龙芯中科技术有限公司自主研发的通用CPU。“飞腾”处理器是飞腾信息技术 有限公司开发的飞腾系列高性能通用CPU。“申威处理器由国家高性能集成电路（上海）设计中 心自主研发，具体由江南计算所研制实施。述处理器都得到了国家“863”、国家科技重大专项“核 高基”（核心电子器件、高端通用芯片及基础软件产品）等项目的支持，在党政、关键基础设施、 高性能计算等领域已得到了大量的应用，从应用的结果来看，飞腾、申威9o、龙芯性能表现不 错，可以胜任目前绝大部分应用。 这三款CPU虽然性能不错，为以申威CU研发的神威太湖之光超级计算机在2O21年中国 HPC TOP100排行榜中位列第2，但存在一个较大的短板，即缺乏与其配套的高性能芯片组， 特别是在服务器领域，虽有强大的大脑，但无强壮的躯干和四肢，严重地限制了CPU高性能的发 挥、应用领域的拓展和产④化进程。在服务器产品上，飞腾和申威CPU采用PLX公司的 PCIE(Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)交换芯片作为北桥，例如飞腾的腾云S2500CpU 推荐的参考设计采用8764，申威的1621CPU推荐的参考设计采用PEX8748,利用这些PCIE 交换芯片转换，出更多的PCIE总线，再外接具有PCIE接口的SAS(Serial Attached SCSI)/SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)控制器（例如Marvell公司的88SE9215)生成 硬盘接口；再外接具有PCE接口的显卡芯片产生显示器接口等。此种芯片组的方案是迫不得已的拼 凑方案，缺点是为了得到所需要的IO(Input Output)接口级联了较多不同厂家的芯片，稳定性和 兼容性很差，信号延迟增大，性能变差。 与龙芯CPU相配套的芯片组，最初有PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)接口桥片方案 [,但PCI总线速度太低，己逐渐被淘汰，然后有龙芯2H方案，但龙芯2H桥片性能太弱，只有 4对PCIE信号线和2个SATA接口，而且龙芯2H其实是一款嵌入式CPU,在龙芯CPU无桥片可用 的情况下把它作为桥片是不得已而为之。在2017年底，龙芯中利技术有限公司又推出了龙芯 7Al000桥片作为龙芯处理器的配套芯片组。龙芯7Al000桥片通过HT(Hyper Transport)总线接 口与龙芯CPU相连，接口包括32个PCIE2.0通道、3个SATA2.0通道、6个USB(Universal Serialperform all kinds of possible combination of signals. The power sequence between CPU and chipsets is coordinated to a right order by means of FPGA. Signal integrity difference between them is avoided and trimmed to right state by amending their signals in FPGA. In this system, the experimental results show that this architecture and these methods simultaneously make more chipsets work together to be adapted than before in a single motherboard. And that avoids researching and developing many different motherboards for every kind of possible chipsets, and saves a lot of money. A high performance server chipsets can be found to properly match loongson CPU, which have better specifications and higher performance than those current ones used for loongson CPU. A prototype system of loongson CPU and five kinds of chipsets is designed and implemented. By the above architecture and methods, a kind of optimal server chipsets SR5690 + SP5100 have been found and the matching principles or correct settings about signal connection and power sequence have been concluded. Loongson 3B4000 two-way SMP motherboard with SR5690 + SP5100 chipsets is also produced. On this motherboard, the results of evaluation experiments on computing performance test by SPEC CPU 2006 program, storage performance test by IOzone program and network performance test by Netperf program are performed. Compared with current loongson 3B4000 server with 7A1000 chipset, the test results show the performance on three items is improved about 10%. The combination of loongson CPU and this kind of server chipsets provides wider applications in server market, and promotes development of loongson CPU in its ecosystem. KEY WORDS loongson; chipsets; adaption; server; field programmable gate array 集成电路是国家信息产业发展的核心领域，而 CPU（中央处理器）则是集成电路中的核心元器 件。目前国家对信息安全有着迫切的要求，如果没有 CPU 的国产化与自主化，国家安全将无从谈起 [1-2]。龙芯 CPU、飞腾 CPU、申威 CPU 是目前被国家认可的、应用领域比较广的三款自主可控 CPU[3- 5]。“龙芯”处理器是龙芯中科技术有限公司自主研发的通用 CPU。“飞腾”处理器是飞腾信息技术 有限公司开发的飞腾系列高性能通用 CPU。“申威”处理器由国家高性能集成电路（上海）设计中 心自主研发，具体由江南计算所研制实施。上述处理器都得到了国家“863”、国家科技重大专项“核 高基”（核心电子器件、高端通用芯片及基础软件产品）等项目[6]的支持，在党政、关键基础设施、 高性能计算等领域已得到了大量的应用，从应用的结果来看，飞腾[7-8]、申威[9-10]、龙芯[11]性能表现不 错，可以胜任目前绝大部分应用[12]。 这三款 CPU 虽然性能不错，如以申威 CPU 研发的神威·太湖之光超级计算机在 2021 年中国 HPC TOP100 排行榜中位列第 2 名[13]，但存在一个较大的短板，即缺乏与其配套的高性能芯片组， 特别是在服务器领域，虽有强大的大脑，但无强壮的躯干和四肢，严重地限制了 CPU 高性能的发 挥、应用领域的拓展和产业化进程。在服务器产品上，飞腾和申威 CPU 采用 PLX 公司的 PCIE（Peripheral Component Interconnect Express）交换芯片作为北桥，例如飞腾的腾云 S2500 CPU 推荐的参考设计采用 PEX8764，申威的 1621 CPU 推荐的参考设计采用 PEX8748，利用这些 PCIE 交 换 芯 片 转 换 出 更 多 的 PCIE 总 线 ， 再 外 接 具 有 PCIE 接 口 的 SAS （ Serial Attached SCSI）/SATA（Serial Advanced Technology Attachment）控制器(例如 Marvell 公司的 88SE9215)生成 硬盘接口；再外接具有 PCIE 接口的显卡芯片产生显示器接口等。此种芯片组的方案是迫不得已的拼 凑方案，缺点是为了得到所需要的 IO（Input Output）接口级联了较多不同厂家的芯片，稳定性和 兼容性很差，信号延迟增大，性能变差。 与龙芯 CPU 相配套的芯片组，最初有 PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)接口桥片方案 [14]，但 PCI 总线速度太低，已逐渐被淘汰，然后有龙芯 2H 方案[15]，但龙芯 2H 桥片性能太弱，只有 4 对 PCIE 信号线和 2 个 SATA 接口，而且龙芯 2H 其实是一款嵌入式 CPU，在龙芯 CPU 无桥片可用 的情况下把它作为桥片是不得已而为之。在 2017 年底，龙芯中科技术有限公司又推出了龙芯 7A1000 桥片[16]作为龙芯处理器的配套芯片组。龙芯 7A1000 桥片通过 HT（Hyper Transport）总线接 口与龙芯 CPU 相连，接口包括 32 个 PCIE2.0 通道、3 个 SATA2.0 通道、6 个 USB（Universal Serial 录用稿件，非最终出版稿