CEREAL CROPS: ECONOMICS, STATISTICS AND USES TABLE 1.3 Domestic Consumption of Common Wheat in Certain Countries Total Percentage of total consumption domestic Y 198486 9899 Bel /Lux 61 2.0 nmark 11,671 43.8 Germany, FR 43.0 2.0 12.6 25,2 81.9 14.3 24.9 11,367 43,6 48.2 1984/86 New Zealand 3.6 Former Soviet union Sources: (1)EC Commission Documents, via HGCA Cereal Statistics(1991a);(2)FA O. Food Balance Sheets, 1990 climate, soil and manurial or fertilizer treat- for example, bread, biscuits or cakes. He wants his ment. Within the limits of environment, quality four to yield the maximum quantity of goods which is influenced by characteristics that can be varied meet rigid specifications, and therefore requires ray y breeding, and is further modified during materials of suitable and constant quality. es rav harvesting, farm drying, transportation and The consumer requires palatability and good storage ppearance in the goods he purchases; they should have high nutritive value and be reasonably priced Wheat passes through many hands between the Field damage to wheat field and the table all those who handle it are The yield of wheat may be reduced, and its interested in the quality of the cereal, but in quality impaired, by the attack of various fungal different ways and animal pests in the field The grower requires good cropping and high yields Heis not concerned with quality(provided Rusts the wheat is 'fit for milling or fit for feeding') unless he sells the grain under a grading system These are fungal diseases caused by species of associated with price differentials(cf. p. 88) the genus Puccinia. Yellow or Stripe Rust (P The miller requires wheat of good milling striiformis) and Brown or Leaf Rust(P recondita quality-fit for storage, and capable of yielding tritici) sometimes occurring in the west of Britain the maximum amount of flour suitable for a are particularly troublesome in the U.S.a particular purpose Canada and Argentina, and generally in countries The baker requires four suitable for making, with a hot climateCEREAL CROPS: ECONOMICS, STATISTICS AND USES 7 TABLE 1.3 Domestic Consumption of Common Wheat in Certain Countries Total Percentage of total consumption usage Human Industrial Source Country Year (thousand t) food usage* Feed Seed of data World 1984186 507,691 66.5 6.7 20.2 6.6 2 EC 1989/90 58,080 53.8 4.6 36.6 5.0 1 Bel.1Lux. 1710 61.6 19.3 17.1 2.0 1 Denmark 1946 17.0 - 78.1 4.9 1 France 11,671 43.8 5.0 45.0 6.2 1 Germany, FR 10,118 41.8 5.9 49.3 3.0 1 Greece 1790 82.1 - 6.7 11.2 1 Ireland 710 42.3 12.7 43.0 2.0 1 Italy 10,310 80.0 0.6 12.6 6.8 1 Netherlands 1995 53.0 20.5 25.2 1.3 1 Portugal 1050 81.9 - 14.3 3.8 1 Spain 5413 67.1 1.1 24.9 6.9 1 U.K. 11,367 43.6 5.1 48.2 3.1 1 Australia 1984/86 3587 43.4 10.3 22.2 24.1 2 Canada 5618 37.0 - 41.0 22.0 2 Japan 6140 80.7 9.5 9.6 0.2 2 New Zealand 360 78.3 0.6 17.5 3.6 2 Turkey 19,020 50.6 24.4 16.3 8.7 2 U.S.A. 29,828 59.7 - 32.0 8.3 2 Former Soviet Union 96,204 40.1 10.7 39.2 10.0 2 domestic * Including waste. Sources: (1) EC Commission Documents, via HGCA Cereal Statistics (1991a); (2) F.A.O. Food Balance Sheets, 1990. - climate, soil and manurial or fertilizer treat- for example, bread, biscuits or cakes. He wants his ment. Within the limits of environment, quality flour to yield the maximum quantity of goods which is influenced by characteristics that can be varied meet rigid specifications, and therefore requires raw by breeding, and is further modified during materials of suitable and constant quality. harvesting, farm drying, transportation and The consumer requires palatability and good storage. appearance in the goods he purchases; they should have high nutritive value and be reasonably priced. Quality requirements Field damage to wheat Wheat passes through many hands between the field and the table: all those who handle it are The yield of wheat may be reduced, and its interested in the quality of the cereal, but in quality impaired, by the attack of various fungal different ways. and animal pests in the field. The grower requires good cropping and high Rusts yields. He is not concerned with quality (provided the wheat is ‘fit for milling’ or ‘fit for feeding’) unless he sells the grain under a grading system These are fungal diseases caused by species of associated with price differentials (cf. p. 88). the genus Puccinia. Yellow or Stripe Rust (P. The miller requires wheat of good milling striifomzis) and Brown or Leaf Rust (P. recondita quality - fit for storage, and capable of yielding tritici) sometimes occurring in the west of Britain, the maximum amount of flour suitable for a are particularly troublesome in the U.S.A., particular purpose. Canada and Argentina, and generally in countries The baker requires flour suitable for making, with a hot climate