59 Which one of the following statements about fatty acid metabolism is coRrecT? Acylcan iine fromayl-CoAandne t then face of the membrane B.Acyl-Co can on ros the iner mitochondrial membrane in exchange for free Co leaving the mitochondrial matrix. C.Creatinine is essential for transport of fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix. D.In the fed state.the main source of fatty acids for tissues is triacylglycerol in chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins(VLDL). E.Oxidat ioof fatty acids the cytosol. 60.The class of drugs called statins have proved very effective against hypercholesterolemia,a major cause of atherosclerosis and associated cardiovascular disease.These drugs reduce plasma cholesterol levels by: A.Preventing absorption of cholesterol from the intestine. ing the xretion of ho sterol from the body vi version to C.Inhibiting the conversion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Co to mevalonate in the pathway for cholestero biosynthesis. D.Increasing the rate of degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase. E.Stimulating the activity of the LDL receptor in the liver. 61.Which one of the following statements conceming the biosynthesis of cholesterol is CORRECT A The rate-limiting step is the formation of 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA)by the enzyme HMG-CoA synthase. B.Synthesis occurs in the cytosol of the cell C.All the carbon atoms in the cholesterol synthesized originate from acetyl-CoA Squalene isthe first in the pathway. The initial substrate is mevalonate 62.Which one of the following statements concerning chylomicrons is CORRECT? A.Chylomicrons are made inside intestinal cells and secreted into lymph,where they acquire apolipoproteins B and C The core of chylomicrons contains triacylglycerol and phospholipids The enzyme hormone sensitive lipase acts on chylomicrons to release fatty acids from triacylglycerol when they are bound to the surface of endothelial cells in blood capillaries. D.Chylomicron remnants differ from chylomicrons in that they are smaller and contain a lower proportion of iacylglycerol. E microns are taken up by the live 63.The subcellular site of the breakdown of long chain fatty acids to acetyl-CoA via-oxidation is: A.The cytosol B.The matrix of the mitochondria C.The endoplasmic reticulum D.The mitochondrial intermembrane space E.The Golgiapparatus 64.The description of the secondary structure of DNA double helix are eEXCEPT A.Two antiparallel strands B.Deoxyribose-phosphate frame located outside the strands C.Two strands are joined by hydrogen bond formed between A-T and G-C59.Which one of the following statements about fatty acid metabolism is CORRECT? A. Acylcarnitine is formed from acyl-CoA and carnitine at the inner face of the inner mitochondrial membrane. B. Acyl-CoA can only cross the inner mitochondrial membrane in exchange for free CoA leaving the mitochondrial matrix. C. Creatinine is essential for transport of fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix. D. In the fed state, the main source of fatty acids for tissues is triacylglycerol in chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). E. Oxidation of fatty acids occurs in the cytosol. 60.The class of drugs called statins have proved very effective against hypercholesterolemia, a major cause of atherosclerosis and associated cardiovascular disease. These drugs reduce plasma cholesterol levels by: A. Preventing absorption of cholesterol from the intestine. B. Increasing the excretion of cholesterol from the body via conversion to bile acids. C. Inhibiting the conversion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA to mevalonate in the pathway for cholesterol biosynthesis. D. Increasing the rate of degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase. E. Stimulating the activity of the LDL receptor in the liver. 61.Which one of the following statements concerning the biosynthesis of cholesterol is CORRECT? A. The rate-limiting step is the formation of 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) by the enzyme HMG-CoA synthase. B. Synthesis occurs in the cytosol of the cell. C. All the carbon atoms in the cholesterol synthesized originate from acetyl-CoA. D. Squalene is the first cyclic intermediate in the pathway. E. The initial substrate is mevalonate. 62.Which one of the following statements concerning chylomicrons is CORRECT? A. Chylomicrons are made inside intestinal cells and secreted into lymph, where they acquire apolipoproteins B and C. B. The core of chylomicrons contains triacylglycerol and phospholipids. C. The enzyme hormone sensitive lipase acts on chylomicrons to release fatty acids from triacylglycerol when they are bound to the surface of endothelial cells in blood capillaries. D. Chylomicron remnants differ from chylomicrons in that they are smaller and contain a lower proportion of triacylglycerol. E. Chylomicrons are taken up by the liver. 63.The subcellular site of the breakdown of long chain fatty acids to acetyl-CoA via -oxidation is: A. The cytosol B.The matrix of the mitochondria C. The endoplasmic reticulum D.The mitochondrial intermembrane space E. The Golgi apparatus 64. The description of the secondary structure of DNA double helix are correct, EXCEPT A. Two antiparallel strands B. Deoxyribose-phosphate frame located outside the strands C. Two strands are joined by hydrogen bond formed between A-T and G-C