The Business Market - all the organizations that buy goods and services to use in the production of other products and services that are sold, rented, or supplied to others. Business markets involve many more dollars and items do consumer markets

Step 1. Identifying the Target Audience Step 2. Determining the Communication Objectives Buyer Readiness Stages

Objectives Setting the Price Adapting the Price Initiating & Responding to Price Changes

A set of interdependent organizations (intermediaries) involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business user

Any form of nonpersonal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. U.S. advertisers spend in excess of $175 billion each year. Advertising is used by: – Business firms, –Nonprofit organizations, –Professionals

Anything that can be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption. Satisfies a want or a need. Includes: –Physical Products –Services –Persons –Places

市场渗透: increase sales to present customers with current products. How? Cut prices, increase advertising, get products into more stores. 市场开发: develop new markets with current products. How? Identify new demographic or geographic markets

一间公司的营销环境是该公司行销管理机能以外 的行动者 (Actors) 和力量 (Force) 所构成。 Includes: –Microenvironment -指对企业服务其顾客的能力构 成直接影响的各种力量，包括企业本身及其市场营销 渠道企业、市场、竞争者和各种公众，这些都会影响 企业为其目标市场服务的能力

Part 1 understanding marketing management Part 2 analyzing marketing opportunities Part 3 developing marketing strategies Part 4 making marketing decisions Part 5 managing and delivering marketing programs

《市场营销 Marketing Management》（双语）MARKETING MANAGEMENT EXERCISES（Third Edition）