The packaging sector is an important global industry, representing about 2% of the Gross National Product (GNP) of the developed countries. The value of the packaging industry is about 345 million euros worldwide, of which Europe represents a third. Fifty per cent of this market is packaging for food. Forecasts suggest that the sector will continue to grow in size and importance Many cooking and preservation processes still largely depend on effective packaging, for example canning, aseptic, sous vide and baking processes. Processes such as drying and freezing would be lost without protective packaging after processing to control product exposure to the effects of oxygen light, water vapour, bacterial and other contaminants. However, modern food packaging no longer has just a passive role in protecting and marketing the product. It increasingly has an active role in processing, preservation

SOLUTIONS TO TEXT PROBLEMS 21.1 Ethyl benz emuale cannor undergo the Claisen condensation, beca use it has no protons on its a- t has ho ts a-carbon on its a- atom and so cannot form an enolate Ethyl pentanoate and ethyl phenylacetate can undergo the Claisen condensation

assuming that there is no resonance stabilization in 1, 3,5-cycloheptatriene, we predict that its heat of hydrogenation will be three times that of cycloheptene or 330/mol (78.9 kcal/mol)

SOLUTIONS TO TEXT PROBLEMS 7.1 (c)Carbon-2 is a stereogenic center in 1-bromo-2-methylbutane, as it has four different substituents: H, CH, CH,CH2, and BrCH2. H BrCH2-C-CH2CH, CH3 (d) There are no stereogenic centers in2-romo-2- me. Br CH:-C-CH,CH3 CH, 7.(b) Carbon-2 is a stereogenic center in 1, 1, 2-trimethylcyclobutane

ENOLS AND ENOLATES SOLUTIONS TO TEXT PROBLEMS 18.1(b) There are no a-hydrogen- atoms in2,2-dimethylpropa, because the a-carbon- atom bears three methyl groups

Changes in the Nature of Work The Interweaving of Technology and Jobs Changes in the Design of Jobs (there will be no stable jobs in the future Integration of Contingent Workers into the Workforce Increased Emphasis on Continuous Learning External Control of Performance Standards by Customers

一、选择题(在下列各题中选择出符合题意的答案,将其代号填入括号内)(每题2分,共36分) 1.根据酸碱质子理论,HNO3+H2SO4H2NO3+HSO4正反应中的酸是()

We consider each term of the Fourier aeries representing the voltage as a single source. The equivalent impedance of the network at no is used to compute the current at that harmonic. XL(n) =noL and XC() =-1/noC The sum of these individual responses is the total response i

Mesh analysis is applicable only to those networks, which are planar. If it is possible to draw the diagram of a circuit on a plane surface in such a way that no branch passes over or under any other branch, then that circuit is said to be planar circuit. (Non-planar-circuit

12.1 The Nature of Autocorrelation 1. Definition (1) CLRM assumption: No autocorrelation exist in dishurbances ui; E(iμi)=0 Autocorrelation means: E(μiμ)≠0 (2) Autocorrelation is usually associated with time series data, but it can also occur in cross-sectional data, which is called spatial correlation