Algae: Phototrophic eukaryotic microorganisms Fungi: Nonphotosynthetic eukaryotic microorganisms that contain rigid cell walls Slime molds: nonphototrophic eukaryotic microorganisms that lack cell walls and that aggregate to form fruiting structures (cellular slime molds) or masses of protoplasm (acellular slime molds) Protozoa: unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms

Pili and fimbriae G short, fine, hairlike appendages that are not involved in motility Fimbriae/fimbria: 1000piece/cell, adhesion to host epithelium Sex pill/pilus: 1-10piece/celly sexual conjugation, they are genetically determined by sex factors or conjugative plasmids and are required for bacterial mating Receptors of some bacterial viruses

Chapter 6 Viruses 6.1 General Properties of Viruses 6.2 Structure of viruses 6.3 The cultivation of viruses 6.4 General Features of Virus Reproduction 6.5 one-step growth curve 6.6 Temperate Bacteriophages: Lysogeny and Lambda

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs at cell membrane since there are no mitochondria) Cell wall Cytoplasm Cell membrane The cell wall is outside of cell membrane -rigid, protecting cell from osmotic lysis

Isolation of pure cultures the growth curve Measurement of microbial growth The continuous culture of microorganisms

Microorganisms are the most diversified and interesting to study. Microbiology is one of the most active and promising field in life sciences. I will try to integrate the most classical and basic ideas theories and concepts with the most recent advances in microbiology, which are so exciting and full of fun to know about

生物统计学：《生物统计附试验设计》课程教材（第三版）目录

Introduction 1生理学研宄对象及任务 2生命的基本特征 3机体与环境 4生理功能的调节

病毒:是一类没有细胞结构,但有遗传复 制等生命特征,主要由核酸和蛋白质组成 的大分子生物。 病毒的宿主范围是病毒能够感染并在其中复 制的宿主种类和组织细胞种类。病毒几乎可以 感染所有的细胞生物。另一方面,病毒又具有 宿主特异性,即就某一种病毒而言,它仅能感 染一定种类的微生物、植物或动物

Chapter8 Microbial genetics 8.4 Plasmids 8.5 Genetic Conjugation, Transformation, transduction 8.6 Transposons and Insertion Sequences