Chapter 5 A. The Movement of Substances Across Cell Membranes Learning Objectives: 1. Principles of membrane transport 2. Passive transport and active transport 3. Two main classes of membrane transport proteins: Carriers and Channels; 4. The ion transport systems; 5. Endocytosis and Phagocytosis: cellular uptake of macromolecules and particles
MTs are hollow, cylindrical structures that occur in nearly every eukaryotic cell that has been scrutinized with EM. MTs have an outer diameter of 24~25nm, a wall thickness of approxim ately 5 nm, and lengths that may extend across the length or breadth of a cell. 1. Tubulin Globular tubulin subunits are arranged in 13 longitudinal row
1. A brief history of studies on the structrure of the plasma membrane 2. Model of membrane structure: an experimental perspective 3. The chemical composition of membranes 4. Characteristics of biomembrane 5. An overview of the functions of biomembranes
1. Principles of membrane transport; 2. Passive transport and active transport; 3. Two main classes of membrane transport proteins: Carriers and Channels; 4. The ion transport systems; 5. Endocytosis and Phagocytosis: cellular uptake of macromolecules and particles
(1) Mitochondria: in all eukaryotic cells The relationship between the structure and function of mit. (2) Chloroplasts: in plant cells The relationship between the structure and function of chl. Mit: Oxidative phosphorylation→ ATP Chl: Photosynthesis→ ATP+NADPH→ Sugar
1. Compartmentalization in Eukaryotic Cells; 2. The structural and functional relationship between the ER, Golgi complexes, lysosomes and plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells; 3. The pathways of proteins targeting and sorting, and its mechanisms; 4. The ways of protein modifications and intracellular sites after they are synthesized; 5. Types of vesicle transport and their functions
