1. Whatever happens is determined by prior events. (Determinism) 2. I act freely iff I am able to act otherwise. (Avoidability Analysis of Freedom) 3. If my action is determined, am unable to act otherwise. 4. So, I never act freely. I. Consider(1): Determinism:

24.00: Problems of Philosophy Prof. Sally Haslanger November 7, 2001 Freewill IlI: Libertarianism I. Recap: Compatibilism v. Incompatibilism Hard determinism is the view that determinis is true and that because of this freedom is an illusion. The libertarian agrees with the hard determinist that freewill is incompatible with determinism, but disagrees about which claim should be rejected. The libertarian holds that we have free will, but this is only because determinism is false-free acts occur and are undetermined. The hard determinist and the libertarian are both incompatibilists. Soft determinism, also known as compatibilism, maintains that determinism is true, but also that determinism is

24.00: Problems of Philosophy Prof. Sally Haslanger October 31, 2001 Freewill: Hard Determinism 1. What is our investment in freewill? Not just a sentimental attachment: At the root of how we organize our own lives(deliberation matters). At the root of how we interact with others(presupposed by praise and blame, punishment)

第二节语音的分类 一、元音和辅 1.发音时气流振动声带,在口腔或咽腔不受阻碍而形成的音素叫元音; 2.发音时气流在口腔或咽腔受到阻碍而形成的音素叫辅音元音和辅音的区别:

◼ 认识语音的属性 ◼ 掌握人类发音的基本原理 ◼ 认识元音和辅音的区别及其特点 ◼ 掌握音位及音位组合的规则 ◼ 能划分音位 ◼ 能用国际音标标注普通话的语音 第一节 语音研究的诸方面 ◼ 【教学大纲】 ◼ 一、语音 ◼ 二、语音的单位 ◼ 三、音标 ◼ 四、应该从哪些方面去研究语音 第二节 音响 ◼ 【教学大纲】 ◼ 一、语音四要素 ◼ 二、音质的音响分析 ◼ 三、研究音响的仪器 第三节 发音 ◼ 【教学大纲】 ◼ 一、人类的发音器官◼ 通过认识发音器官的构造去认识人类发音的 基本原理。 ◼ 二、元音和辅音及区别 ◼ 三、元音 要重点掌握8个基本元音。 ◼ 四、辅音 辅音的发音特点可从发音部位和发音方法两个方面来认识。 ◼ 要求掌握常用的辅音的发音原理和发音特点

语言活动分两类:外部语言和内部语 言。外部语言又包括口头语言(对话和独自 语言)和书面语言

一、语言发展的原因 (一)语言发展的社会条件

从语言内部结构特征看,语言在本质上是一种音义结合的符号系统

一、C语言中的数据表示 二、C语言数据类型 三、C语言的表达式计算 四、C语言的数学函数

《谈语言》学案5_谈语言学案+语文版