a. Extension of meaning b. Restriction of meaning c. Degeneration of meaning d. Elevation of meaning

（1) A word once reserved for female persons in high places is generalised to refer to people of all levels in a society:

The term lexicology contains two Greek morphemes: lexikon and logie. The former means \word, the latter means“learningor“the study of

Contents 8. Word Meaning 9. Sense Relations

THE MOTIVES FOR EUPHEMIZING The motives for generating euphemisms are as diverse and as universal as the range of human emotions

Conceptual Meaning Conceptual Meaning sometimes called denotative\ or cognitive\ meaning) is widely assumed to be the central factor in linguistic communication

Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires on account of the meanings of words which tend to occur in its environment

Social meaning is that which a piece of language conveys about the social circumstances of its use. In part, we decode the social meaning of a text through our recognition of different dimensions and levels of style within the same language

John lyons gives us ten sentences to discuss what meaning is: )What is the meaning of “sesquipedalian? (signify) 2)I did not mean to hurt you (intend)

Conversion Conversion is main type of word- formation assigning the base to a different word class with no change of form. For example, the verb release is converted to the noun release