Outline Review of Muscle Contraction – From AP generation to contraction of fibers – Muscle proprioceptors (spindles and Golgi tendons) – Afferent and efferent axons

overshoot when the conflict stimulus is tumed off. The slow humoral information transmission. If so, a search for the ath block nom her gain (by a fact the fast path, and at the beginning of notionally th Slow path output act

orientation of the vehicle is described in engineering t gular and linear position, velocity, acceleration, and often other factors. Engineers are tly confronted with

Cardiovascular Problems Associated with Space FlightOrthostatic Intolerance upon Re-entry

The Potential New Rx “Spin in the Gym” “Prescribed AG Dosage” “AG Sleeper

In weightlessness, “down” cues from the inner ear otolith organs are absent. Astronauts are thought to rely more heavily on vision. Many astronauts perceive a “subjective vertical”. When it changes direction, it can cause disorientation and motion sickness

Raphan T, Matsuo V, Cohen B (1979). Velocity storage in the vestibulo-ocular reflex arc (VOR). Experimental Brain Research 35:229-248. Henn V, Cohen B, Young LR (1980). Visual-vestibular interaction in motion perception and the generation of nystagmus

Part II Musculoskeletal Dynamics

Robot / Human Comparisons (how inhumane) Table I presents some of the elements of robotic and animal movement systems neatly compared for your viewing pleasure. Table I. Comparison of Movement Control Systems in the Robot and Human

Prof. Dava Newman 16.423J/HST515J Space Biomedical Engineering and Life Support Mars Reference Mission