 空间拓扑关系的描述 – 四元交模型（4I模型） – 九元交模型（9I模型） – 基于Voronoi图的九元交模型（V9I模型）  空间拓扑关系的表达  空间拓扑关系的计算与查询  时空拓扑关系及其应用  空间方向关系的描述

1. What's Geosciences 3. Reviews 3D Models 4. Objects of 3D Geosciences Modeling 5. Data Sources of 3DGM 6. Forelands of 3DGM 7. Principles of GTP Model 8. Applications of GTP-based Geomo3D

一、地理信息系统的定义 二、地理信息系统的历史 三、地理信息系统的体系结构 四、地理信息系统的主要功能 五、地理信息系统的应用领域 六、地理信息系统的发展趋势

一、M:数字高程模型DEM( Digital Elevation Model); 二、DTM:数字地形模型(Digital Terrain 三、DEM表达方法:包括网格、等高线、三角网等,并可相互转换

This is a Geodetic Control Test Field located at L Radial Surveying( Cartwheel): Madison County, Central Ohio. lial Surveys: one receiver at a fixed 2 Madison County High Altitude Test Range site, and measuring lines from this fixed

Perigee and Apogee: The point of closest approach of the satellite with respect to the earth's center of mass is called perigee and the most distant position is the apogee. Nodes: The intersection between the equatorial and the nit sphere is termed the nodes, where the ascending node defines the northward

1.1 Physical Fundamentals This attenuation is usually expressed in decibels (dB). By definition, an attenuation of n dB means signal propagation from the that the original field strength is decreased by ite to the user by means of factor of 10-0In electromagnetic waves. Such waves Physical quantities

一、单基线平差模型 二、模型简单、易于编程实现 三、基线之间相关性被忽略 四、不易发现粗差

Outline Review u Examined basics of GPS signal structure and how gnal is tracked a Looked at methods used to acquire satellites and start g Today we look at

1. Basic Knowledge of GPS In 1973, DOd organized a Joint P Office (JPO) located at the U.S. Air Force Systems Command's Space The s Second Lecture Division, Los Angeles Air Force Base(AFB)to what?