(一)掌握出血性疾病的分类、出血特点、实验室检查及诊断。 (二)熟悉正常的止血和凝血机制。 (三)了解治疗原则

A1题型:(451-574) 451. Cardiac contractility is influcenced by(记忆,难) A preload B afterload C heart rate D cardiac rhythm E all above is correct

Definition It is the results of the tumor proliferation of heamotopoietic stem cells.(造血干细胞) Leukemia is a malignant blood disorder. (not solid tumor)

1.掌握白血病概念、诊断与治疗原则 2、熟悉白血病分类、治疗药物 3、了解白血病病因、发病机理

DIAGNOSIS AND CLASSIFICATION Anemia is an absolute decrease in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration,or the RBC count. Anemia is not a diagnosis, but a sign of underlying disease

Effects of glucocorticoid Effects on metabolism Effects on immunologic function and inflammatory Effects on musculoskeletal and connective tissues Effects on fluid and electrolyte homeostasis Neuropsychiatric and behavioral effects Gastrointestinal effects Developmental effects

病因(Etiologe) Primery Glomerular Diseases (60%) Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis *Tubulointerstitial Diseases chronic pyelonephritis chronic interstitialnephritis Polycystic Kidney Disease SLE

一、上尿路感染(肾盂肾炎) 二、下尿路感染(膀胱炎)

DEFINITIONS AND INCIDENCE Acute renal failure (ARF) is a syndrome characterized by rapid decline in glomerular filtration rate(GFR) and retention of nitrogenous waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both