(Harvard University and NBER) October 1, 2002 Abstract There are two dierent types of media bias. One bias, which we refer to as ideology, re ects a news outlet's desire to aect reader opinions in a particular direction. The second bias, which we refer to as spin

l In this paper, we focus on the need for l This paper proceeds as follow. l The structure of the paper is as follows. l In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts

A bottom-up parser uses an explicit stack to perform a parse – The parsing stack contains tokens, nonterminals as well as some extra state information – The stack is empty at the beginning of a bottom-up parse, and will contain the start symbol at the end of a successful parse

Function of a Parser Takes the sequence of tokens produced by the scanner as its input and produces the syntax tree as its output. Parser Sequence of tokens Syntax-Tree

Franklin D. Roosevelt: The Four Freedoms Mr. Speaker, members of the 77th Congress: I address you, the members of this new Congress, at a moment unprecedented in the history of the union. I use the word “unprecedented” because at no previous time has American security been as seriously threatened f rom without as it is today

I feel that this award was not made to me as a man, but to my work -- a life's work in the agony and sweat of the human spirit, not for glory and least of all for profit, but to create out of the materials of the human spirit something which did not exist before. So this award is only mine in trust. It will not be dif ficult to find a dedication for the money part of it commensurate with the purpose and significance of its origin. But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as a pinnacle

Who are we? Systemflow began as a simulation services company founded in 1993, and launched a software product development operation in 2000 The company founder worked for a simulation software vendor from 1986-1993 and served as product manager for a new animation software package there

Ⅰ. Background Information 1. Richard Wagner (1813-1883), the greatest composer of German opera, made a major addition to the nature of opera through his writings about and the creation of music drama. Music drama combines singing, orchestra, verse, story, drama and spectacle. Wagner's works include the \The Ring of the Nibelung\ (1853-1874), a set of four operas based on historical German stories. For an introduction to Wagner as well as other resources on the Internet, please visit

Outline The Economist as Scientist The Economist as Policy Adviser Why Economists disagree

and making as much effort as it can to restore and create more suitable re- serves for the survival and development of wildlife. In short, if the government and the whole society really realize the prob- lem, pay attention to it, and work togeth PNP