一、海洋是人类最后的边疆 从人造卫星上看地球,地球是个蔚蓝的大圆球, 那是大气层和水层的反射光形成的景象。地球总面积约为5亿平方千米,其中陆地面积约1.49亿平方千米,只占地球表面的29%,而海洋面积约3.61亿平方千米,占地球表面的71%。 地球上的海洋水估计有13.7亿立方千米,占了 地球总水量的94.2%。地球在太阳系的成员中,得天独厚,充满了水

Introduction: Weathering The Breakdown of Rock At the Earth's surface, rocks are exposed to the effects of weathering: the chemical alteration and mechanical breakdown of rock, when exposed to air, moisture, and organic matter. Weathering is an integral part of the rock cycle. Weathering converts rock to regolith

Introduction: Sediments In The Rock Cycle Sediments are transported by: Water. ce Wind. Gravity. The transport and deposition of sediments are initial phases of the rock cycle. The ultimate fate of most sediment is burial and conversion to sedimentary rock

Introduction: Earth's' Internal-- Thermal Engine Magma is molten rock beneath Earth's surface. Because liquid magma is less dense than surrounding solid rock, and obviously more mobile, magma, once formed, rises toward the surface. Magma that reaches the surface does so by erupting through vents we call volcanoes

Earth's Internal Structure When a meteorite impacts a planet or moon, its energy of motion (called kinetic energy)is transformed into heat energy. As Earth grew larger and larger from continual impacts, its temperature increased. Radioactive decay of materials like uranium, thorium and potassium also added heat

Syllabus of Physical Geology Chapter 1 meet planet earth Chapter 2: Global Tectonics, Our Dynamic Planet oChapter 3: Atoms, Elements, Minerals, Rocks: EarthsBuilding materials Chapter 4: Igneous Rocks: Product of Earth's Internal fire Chapter 5: Magma And volcanoes Chapter 6: Weathering and soils Chapter 7: Sediments and Sedimentary rocks Chapter 8: Metamorphism and Metamorphic rock Chapter 9: How rock Bends, Buckles, and Breaks Chapter 10: Earthquakes and Earth's Interior Chapter 11: Geologic Time And The rock record Chapter 12: The Earth Through Time

一、砾岩、砂岩（石英砂岩、长石砂岩、岩屑砂岩）、粉砂岩、页岩。 二、砾屑灰岩、砂屑灰岩、粉屑灰岩、泥晶灰岩。鲕状灰岩、生物灰岩

• 基本内容和要求： • 了解沉积岩的形成和分类、沉积构造、沉积韵律、地层的单位和地质年龄、地质构造及分类等基本过程和概念。 • 掌握石油成因学说、油气生成的条件、油气生成的阶段、天然气成因类型，介绍这些内容中的基本过程、理论和基本概念。 • 掌握油气藏形成及保存条件、油气藏类型、油气藏分布规律，介绍这些内容中的基本过程和基本概念。 第一节 沉积岩和地质构造 第二节 油气的生成 第三节 油气藏的形成

1. 从地心说到日心说 2. 太阳系的轨道特性 3. Titius-Bode 定则 4.太阳 5. 太阳系中的行星 6. 陨石 7. 撞击的效果 8. 角动量分配异常 9. 太阳系起源假说及其发展

绪论 1地球科学的学科领域 2地球科学的研究内容 3地球科学的主要特点 4地球科学的基本方法 5本课程的要求和教学安排