Introduction: Earth's' Internal-- Thermal Engine Magma is molten rock beneath Earth's surface. Because liquid magma is less dense than surrounding solid rock, and obviously more mobile, magma, once formed, rises toward the surface. Magma that reaches the surface does so by erupting through vents we call volcanoes

Introduction: What Is Mineral? Mineral Naturally formed, inorganic, solid material with a specific chemical composition and a characteristic crystalline structure. Rock Naturally formed, coherent mass of one or more minerals, sometimes including organic debris

Earth's Internal Structure When a meteorite impacts a planet or moon, its energy of motion (called kinetic energy)is transformed into heat energy. As Earth grew larger and larger from continual impacts, its temperature increased. Radioactive decay of materials like uranium, thorium and potassium also added heat

Syllabus of Physical Geology Chapter 1 meet planet earth Chapter 2: Global Tectonics, Our Dynamic Planet oChapter 3: Atoms, Elements, Minerals, Rocks: EarthsBuilding materials Chapter 4: Igneous Rocks: Product of Earth's Internal fire Chapter 5: Magma And volcanoes Chapter 6: Weathering and soils Chapter 7: Sediments and Sedimentary rocks Chapter 8: Metamorphism and Metamorphic rock Chapter 9: How rock Bends, Buckles, and Breaks Chapter 10: Earthquakes and Earth's Interior Chapter 11: Geologic Time And The rock record Chapter 12: The Earth Through Time

1.通过综合分析地质图,使学生比较全面地掌握 构造地质学的基本理论知识,提高学生分析地 质图的能力 2.学习编绘、编写某些图件和读图报告的基本方 法和技能,为野外地质实习和今后实际地质工 作打下较好基础

1.了解构造等高线图的概念; 2.学习根据钻孔资料编制构造等高线图的方法;学会根据构造等高线图分析构造特征

1.学会在地形地质图上确定断层的产状、性质及其形成时代; 2.掌握求断距的方法; 3.掌握编制断层地区地质剖面图的方法

一、褶皱几何要素在赤平投影图上的特征和求解方法

1.学会在地形地质图上用三点法求倾斜岩层的产状; 2.学会求倾斜岩层的埋藏深度; 3.在地形地质图上熟练地求出倾斜岩层的厚度

1.了解正投影的概念; 2.学会用正投影的方法确定构造面、线产状的方法; 3.通过正投影方法的训练,培养学生三维空间的思维能力;