troduce different notations. Some consider “NTP” a general term for deoxynucleotides, but the absence of the letter “d” indicates a ribonucleotide to others. Commercial literature also describes ribonucleotides as “RTP’s.” If the letter “d” is present, the name describes a deoxynucleotide. If “d” is absent, check the literature

What Do You Know About Your Target? The sensitivity needs of your system are primarily determined by the abundance of your target, which can be approximated according to its origin. Plasmids, cosmids, phagemids as colony lifts or dot blots, and PCR products are usually intermediate to high-abundance targets. Genomic DNA is considered an intermediate to low-abundance target. Most prokaryotic genes are present as single copies, while genes from higher eukaryotes

Air Buoyancy Akin to water keeping something afloat, samples can be “lifted” by air, artificially decreasing their apparent weight. This air buoy￾ancy can have a significant effect on smaller samples. Electrostatic Forces Electrostatic charges are almost always present in any environ￾ment, particularly in areas with very low humidity. If there are

This book celebrates the importance of the question; it is not meant to be a collection of facts or procedures. The writing of this book was inspired by 16 years of queries from the research community.The con￾tributors and I have tried to meet two primary objectives:

Over the past decade the variety of hosts and vector systems for recombinant protein expression has increased dramatically. Researchers now select from among mammalian, insect, yeast, and prokaryotic hosts, and the number of vectors available for use in these organisms continues to grow

What Are the Symptoms of Acrylamide Poisoning? The initial symptoms of acrylamide poisoning on the skin are peeling of the skin at the point of contact, followed by tingling and numbness in the exposed area. If exposure by any means (touch, ingestion, inhalation) continues, muscular weakness, difficulty maintaining balance

对微生物的代谢途径及代谢网络进彳 有目的的改造从而提高氨基酸的产量仍然 是现代生物工程学的一个主攻目标。为了 攻克这个目标,就有必要对尚待进一步完 善的细胞生理学、生物化学、分子生物学 及生物过程工程等学科的基本状况做一番 描述,主要有如下几个话题

一、 一般特征 二、 DNA 聚合酶链反应 三、 细菌 DNA 的复制 1、E.coli 中的 DNA 聚合酶：3 种 2、复制起始点的特点：在 E.coli 中，只有一个复制点，oriC

一、 hnRNA 二、 pre-mRNAs 三、 hnRNP 四、 snRNPs 五、pre-mRNA processing The alternative mRNA processing is the conversion of pre-mRNA species into more than one type of mature mRNA

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, primary RNA transcripts undergo various alteration or processing events to become mature RNAs: The three commonest types are: 1, nucleotide removal by nucleases; 2, nucleotide addition to the 5’- or 3’-end, 3, nucleotide modification on the base or thesugar