This is a Geodetic Control Test Field located at L Radial Surveying( Cartwheel): Madison County, Central Ohio. lial Surveys: one receiver at a fixed 2 Madison County High Altitude Test Range site, and measuring lines from this fixed

3. Adjustment, Filtering, and Smoothing-----Overview

Class expectations This is a graduate level class. There is no final exam Grading in the class is based on homework (75%) and on a final written report(25%) The report will be revised during semester and should be 2000-3000 words(8-10 double spaced pages)

Gravitational potential In spherical coordinates: need to solve

Treat the basic description and dynamics of satellite orbits Major perturbations on GPS satellite orbits · Sources of orbit information: -SP3 format from the International GPS service Broadcast ephemeris message

Today's Lecture Examine specifics of GPS signals Multiple modulations on same carrier signal Structure of signals GPS receiver operation and satellite acquistion

Summary · Review: -Examined definitions of pseudorange and carrier phase Looked at some actual raw measurements from a RINEX file Today we look at:

Statistical approach to estimation Examine the multivariate Gaussian distribution: (x-)\v-(x-) Multivariant f(x)= Minimize (x-u)'v(x-u) gives largest probability density By minimizing the argument of the exponential in the probability density function, we maximize the likelihood of the estimates(MLE)

Specific common processes White-noise: Autocorrelation is Dirac-delta function; PSD is flat; integral of power under PSD is variance of process(true in general) First-order Gauss-Markov process (one of most models common in Kalman filtering)

Basic atmospheric structure mosphere Troposphere is 2 100 where the temperature stops decreasing in the tmosphere(10 km altitude)