8.1 Major Modes of Regulation 8.2 Inhibiting Enzyme Activity 8.3 Modification of Enzymes 8.4 DNA Binding Proteins 8.5 Negative Control of Transcription:Repression and Induction 8.6 Positive Control of Transcription

Lecture 2 1.5 The Historical Roots of Microbiology 1.6 Microbial Diversity and the Advent ofMolecular Microbiology 2.1 Elements of Cell and Viral Structure 2.2 Arrangement of DNA in Microbial Cells 2.3 The Tree of Life

本属只有一种，即猪丹毒丝菌，是猪丹毒病 的病原体，通称猪丹毒杆 菌。DNA 的G 十 Cmol/%为36～40。 形态与染色 本菌为直或稍弯曲的细杆菌， 两端钝圆，大小0.2～0.4um×0.8～2.5um，单 在或呈V形、堆状或短链排列，易形成长丝状。 G+，在老龄培养物中菌体着色能力较差，常呈 阴性。无鞭毛、无荚膜、不产生芽孢

第一节 概述 第二节 核酸的组成 第三节 DNA的结构 第四节 RNA的结构 第五节 核酸及核苷酸的性质 第六节 核酸的分离提取与纯化

一、突变的分子基础 二、重组的分子基础 三、转座遗传因子 四、DNA损伤的修复

2.1 Introduction We can think about mapping genes and genomes at several levels of resolution: A genetic (or linkage) map identifies the distance between mutations in terms of recombination frequencies. A linkage map can also be constructed by measuring recombination between sites in genomic DNA

28.1 Introduction 28.2 Transforming viruses carry oncogenes 28.3 Early genes of DNA transforming viruses have multifunction oncogenes 28.4 Retroviruses activate or incorporate cellular genes 28.5 Retroviral oncogenes have cellular counterparts 28.6 Ras oncogenes can be detected in a transfection assay 28.7 Ras proto-oncogenes can be activated by mutation at specific positions 28.8 Nondefective retroviruses activate proto-oncogenes 28.9 Proto-oncogenes can be activated by translocation 28.10 The Philadelphia translocation generates a new oncogene 28.11 Oncogenes code for components of signal transduction cascades 28.12 Growth factor receptor kinases can be mutated to oncogenes 28.13 Src is the prototype for the proto-oncogenic cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases 28.14 Oncoproteins may regulate gene expression 28.15 RB is a tumor suppressor that controls the cell cycle 28.16 Tumor suppressor p53 suppresses growth or triggers apoptosis

一、核酸的种类与组成 二、DNA的结构与功能 三、RNA的结构与功能 四、其它小分子RNA 五、双链RNA(dsRNA)

9.1 Introduction 9.2 Transcription is catalyzed by RNA polymerase 9.3 The transcription reaction has three stages 9.4 A stalled RNA polymerase can restart 9.5 RNA polymerase consists of multiple subunits 9.6 RNA Polymerase consists of the core enzyme and sigma factor 9.7 Sigma factor is released at initiation 9.8 Sigma factor controls binding to DNA 9.9 Promoter recognition depends on consensus sequences

20.1 Introduction 20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits 20.3 Promoter elements are defined by mutations and footprinting 20.4 RNA polymerase I has a bipartite promoter 20.5 RNA polymerase III uses both downstream and upstream promoters 20.6 The startpoint for RNA polymerase II 20.7 TBP is a universal factor 20.8 TBP binds DNA in an unusual way