The first three types of control devices we consider--gravity settlers, cyclone separators, and electrostatic precipitators--all function by driving the particles to a solid wall, where they adhere to each other to form agglomerates that can be removed from the collection device and disposed of

The activated-sludge process is now used routinely for biological treatment of municipal and industrial wastewaters. The antecedents of the activated-sludge process date back to the early 1880s to the work of Dr. Angus Smith, who investigated the aeration of wastewater in tanks and the hastening of the oxidation of the organic matter

Important physical characteristics of MSW include specific weight, moisture content, particle size and size distribution, field capacity, and compacted waste porosity. The discussion is limited to an analysis of residential, commercial, and some industrial solid wastes. Note, however, that the fundamentals of analysis presented in this and the following chapter are applicable to all types of solid wastes

Operations used for the treatment of wastewater in which change is brought about by means of or through the application of physical forces are known as physical unit operations. Because physical unit operations were derived originally from observations of the physical world, they were the first treatment methods to be used. Today, physical unit operations, as shown on Fig. 5-1, are a major part of most wastewater

The constituents of concern found in wastewater are removed by physical, chemical, and biological methods. The individual methods usually are classified as physical unit operations, chemical unit processes, and biological unit processes. Treatment methods in which the application of physical forces predominate are known as physical unit operations

Determining wastewater flowrates and constituent mass loadings is a fundamental step in initiating the conceptual process design of wastewater treatment facilities. Reliable data for existing and projected flowrates affect the hydraulic characteristics, sizing, and operational considerations of the treatment system components

An understanding of the nature of wastewater is essential in the design and operation of collection, treatment, and reuse facilities, and in the engineering management of environmental quality. To promote this understanding, the information in this chapter is presented in eight sections dealing with (1) an introduction to the constituents found in wastewater

The safe and reliable long-term disposal of solid waste residues is an important component of integrated waste management. Solid waste residues are waste components that are not recycled, that remain after processing at a materials recovery facility, or that remain after the recovery of conversion products and/or energy. Historically, solid waste has been placed in the soil in the earth's surface or deposited in the oceans

第九章固体废物的处理、处置和利用 第一节概述 一、固体废物的定义 固体废物(solid wastes)亦称废物,是指人类在生产、加工、流通、消费以及生活等过 程中提取所需目的成分之后,所丢弃的固态或泥浆状的物质。 随着人类社会文明的发展,人们在索取和利用自然资源从事生产和生活活动时,由于客观 条件的限制,总要把其中的一部分作为废物丢弃

气态污染物的吸收净化法和吸附净化法的净化原理与装置 本章习题:P461,3,4 气态污染物的净化,就是利用化学、物理及生物等方法,将污染物从废气 中分离或转化。气态污染物的净化有多种方法,广泛采用的吸收法、吸附法、 燃烧及催化转化法,其他的方法还有冷凝、生物净化、膜分离及电子辐射-化学 净化等