2.1软件过程概述 2.2典型的软件过程模型 2.3面向对象的软件过程模型 2.4小结

北京大学：《数据结构与算法》课程教学资源（实习讲义）面向对象程序设计

二、细化阶段:迭代2 设计模型 领域模型描述了概念类、属性、关联 用例模型表达了系统功能需求、系统事件和系统操作契约

9.1数据库概述 9.2关系型数据库 9.3面向对象数据库

6.1软件工程与软件过程 6.2传统方法学 6.3面向对象方法学 6.4软件项目管理

一、我们来编一个《幸运7游戏机》程序，也可以叫做一个游戏软件，亲身感受一下面向对象编程是怎么回事。 二、下面具体演示编程步骤：

Software is intangible Hard to understand development effort Software is easy to reproduce Cost is in its development —in other engineering products, manufacturing is the costly stage

Software engineers should avoid re-developing software already developed Types of reuse: Reuse of expertise Reuse of standard designs and algorithms

Procedural paradigm: Software is organized around the notion of procedures Procedural abstraction —Works as long as the data is simple Adding data abstractions —Groups together the pieces of data that describe some entity

The recurring aspects of designs are called design patterns. A pattern is the outline of a reusable solution to a general problem encountered in a particular context Many of them have been systematically documented for all software developersto use