一、即期交易远期交易一期货交易期权交易 Spot Forward Future Option 二、形成与发展(金融期货) 布雷顿森林体系的崩溃、浮动汇率制的实行、利率的浮动、金融业竞争的加剧、高科技的 发展(金融交易的自动化)等

(1)薯类原料甘薯、木薯和马铃薯等 (2)谷物原料玉米、高梁、大米和小麦等 (3)糖类原料废糖蜜、甘蔗、甜菜等 (4)野生植物原料椽子仁、土茯苓、楝树果等 (5)纤维原料森林工业和木材加工工业的下脚料 农作物秸秆、甘蔗渣、废纤维垃圾和废纸浆等。 (6)其他原料亚硫酸纸浆废液、淀粉渣等

一、登革病毒 二、流行性乙型脑炎病毒 三、森林脑炎病毒

为什么进行核算? 1992年中国国民经济运行的全部环境成本损失至少有 1061.01-1310.42亿元,约占当年GDP的3.98%-4.92%,即 1992年中国国内生产总值中有3.98%4.92%的部分是以牺 牲环境取得的,损失排在前三位的为森林40%,水31%, 大气17%

景观变化包括景观的结构和功能随时间而变化。 变化既有自然的因素,也有人为的因素,变化有快 有慢。 比如:1976年唐山的大地震,一夜间。1978年的大 兴安岭大火,435万公顷。荷兰的围海造田、沙漠 化、滥伐森林等

Sales and Marketing Group, Information Division, FAO aahl oLshotNU-s Teal d 0697os fi E-ma fap.org/catalog/giphomehtm PUBLIC PUNTOS VENTA DE PUBLICACIONES DE LA FAC Mundi Prensa Libros S.A

ACRONYMS AFWC DESA African Forestry and Wildlife Commission United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs AIDS ed immunodeficiency syndrome DFID

mprovements in science and technology are communities environmental groups, the private critical to the sustainable management of sector and civil society, coupled with forests, woodlands and trees, and to their international efforts that began with the United

the role of forests ependable freshwater supplies and the Technologies exist to deal with water scarcity, ability to cope with the extremes of toolittle and to some extent with the effed cts of or too much water are requisites for sustainable hydrometeorological extremes (Brooks et al, human dev ater 1997). If they are to be turned into solutions, scarcity issued at the end of the twentieth century several constraints must be overcome, including

policy dialogue n the years following the United Nations Facility in bringing about positive change with Conference on environment and regard to capacity building, information sharing Development(UNCED ), ongoing and often and knowledge management is also intensive international debate on forest policy underscored. In conclusion, the chapter