There are many concepts that are used in fuzzy logic that sometimes become useful when studying fuzzy control. The following problems introduce some of the more popular fuzzy logic oncepts that were not treated earlier in the chapter or were treated only briefly (a)The complement(\not )of a fuzzy set with a membership function has a membership function given by A(x)=1-u(x). Sketch the complement of the fuzzy set shown in Figure 2.6 on page 30 (b)There are other ways to def ine the\triangular norm\for representing

第十二章张量积与外代数 12-1多重线性映射 12.1.1线性空间的一组基的对偶基的定义 定义12.1对偶空间 设v是k上n维线性空间,E2,Sn是的一组基,则线性函数 f:V→K(K为数域)被f在此组基下的映射法则决定,即f()f(2)f(n)已给 定。现设V内全体线性函数组成的集合为V,则在V内定义加法与数乘如下: (i)f,,+)(a)= f(a)+g(a); (iif EV', k K, f )(a)= (a). 则V关于上述加法、数乘组成K上的线性空间,称为V的对偶空间,记作o(V,K 定义12.2对偶基 假设同定义12.1,定义V内n个线性函数

Blessed are the young, for they shall inherit the national debt Herbert hoover When a government spends more than it collects in taxes, it borrows from the private sector to finance the budget deficit. The accumulation of past borrowin is the government debt. Debate about the appropriate amount of government debt in the United States is as old as the country itself. Alexander Hamilton be- lieved thata national debt, if it is not excessive, will be to us a national blessing, whereas James Madison argued that \a public debt is a public curse \Indeed, the location of the nations capital was chosen as part of a deal in which the federal

Eukaryotic Chromosomes are composed of DNA, Histone and Nonhistone Proteins Histones: H1 H2A. H2 B, H3, H4. The later 4 form nucleosomes(100 A)and thus called core histones. H1 plays a role in forming 300 A superhelix Histones are rich in basic amino acids Nonhistone proteins play a variety of functions

Ikenes are hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond. A car- bon-carbon double bond is both an important structural unit and an important functional group in organic chemistry. The shape of an organic molecule is influ- enced by the presence of this bond, and the double bond is the site of most of the chem- ical reactions that alkenes undergo. Some representative alkenes include isobutylene(an industrial chemical), a-pinene (a fragrant liquid obtained from pine trees), and farnesene (a naturally occurring alkene with three double bonds

ot all the properties of alkenes are revealed by focusing exclusively on the func- tional group behavior of the double bond. A double bond can affect the proper- ties of a second functional unit to which it is directly attached. It can be a sub- stituent, for example, on a positively charged carbon in an allylic carbocation, or on a carbon that bears an unpaired electron in an allylic free radical, or it can

Absolute configuration(Section 7.5): The three-dimensional Activating substituent (Sections 12.10 and 12.12): A group rrangement of atoms or groups at a stereogenic center. that when present in place of a hydrogen causes a particular Acetal(Section 17.8): Product of the reaction of an aldehyde or reaction to occur faster. Term is most often applied to a ketone with two moles of an alcohol according to the substituents that increase the rate of electrophilic aromatic

一、单项选择 例体液调节的特点是(C) A.迅速B准确C.持久D短暂 1.迷走神经传出纤维的冲动可看作是(C) A.控制系统B.受控系统C.控制信息D.反馈信息 2.下列生理过程中,属于负反馈调节的是(B) A.排尿反射B.减压反射C.排便反射D.血液凝固 3.关于易化扩散的叙述错误的是(A) A通道蛋白质对被转运的物质没有特异性 B.以通道为中介的易化扩散如K+由高浓度一侧向低浓度一侧的扩散 C.以载体为中介的易化扩散,如葡萄糖入膜过程 D.以载体为中介的易化扩散其特点是具有饱和现象

本章要点： • 1.模拟量输出通道的结构组成与模板通用性； • 2.8位D/A转换器DAC0832的原理组成及其接口电路 • 3. 12位D/A转换器DAC1210的原理组成及其接口电路 • 4. D/A转换器的输出方式及其输出电路 主要内容：  引言  2.1 D/A转换器  2.2 接口电路  2.3 输出方式  2.4 D/A转换模板  本章小结  思考题

1. Input-output economics, the foundation of CGE & GSC (a) the input-output table (b) national accounts (c) the one-country input-output model (d) the Leontief paradox (e) effective rates of protection (e) the multi-regional or multi-national I-O model - starting point for CSC analysis 2. CGE modelling (a) Johansen’s model of Norway (b) Johansen’s solution matrix versus Leontief’s inverse (c) trade in a CGE model, Armington to Melitz 3. Applying existing CGE models to supply chain issues (a) Walmsley & Minor on reversing NAFTA (b) Dixon, Rimmer and Waschik on Buy-America(n) 4. Towards a CGE model with supply chain features: designs, components, assembly and sales 5. Concluding remarks