第一节制图函数 一、制图函数的概念 为什么使用制图函数? (1)、只有在两个基因座距离较近时,才可以使用以RF表示的图距。 (2)、在中等距离时开始出现双交换,这时图距与RF已不成线性关系 (3)、距离更远时,两基因座之间会出现多重交换,这种非线性关系变得更加明显;呈现非连锁状态

一、显性表现的多样性 分四种: 完全显性、不完全显性、共显性、超显性 1.完全显性: Mendel所研究的豌豆的7对相对性状,F1所表现的性状都和亲本之一完全一样,既不是中间型,也不是双亲的性状同时出现,这样的显性表现称为完全显性( complete dominance)

一、概念 1.核遗传:核基因组所控制的遗传现象和 遗传规律。主导地位。 2.细胞质遗传(cytoplasmic inheritance):由细胞质基因所决定的遗传现象和遗传规律,也称为非孟德尔遗传(non-Mendelian inheritance),染色体外遗传(ex trachromosomal inheritance)遗传学的发展。遗传物质主要存在于细胞器线粒体、质体(叶绿体)等和细胞质颗粒(质粒)中

中国科学院生物物理研究所：《安全用药》专题讲座PPT（都培双）

Contents How to use an open learning text Preface 1 An introduction to biotechnological innovations Industry G. Mijnbeek and C. K. Leach 2 Biocatalyst in organic chemical synthesis R O. Jenkins

Preface The BIOTOL series of texts are designed to provide a self-study resource concerning the principles, practices and applications of biotechnology. This text is designed to explain how biotechnology may be applied to solve problems encountered in the production and use of organic chemicals in a wide

9.1 Introduction 9.2 The structure, roles and abundance of sterols and steroids 9.3 Selective degradation of the sterol side chain 9.4 Specific steroid interconversions and reactions 9.5 Transformation of other terpenoids

7.1 Introduction 7. 2 Origin and composition 7.3 Exopolysaccharide structure 7. 4 Medium composition for exopolysaccharide production

5.1 Introduction 5.2 Metabolic pathways and metabolic control mechanisms 5.3 The industrial production of citric acid 5.4 The production of other TCA cycle intermediates

3. Introduction 3.2 Relationships between product formation and growth 3.3 Determination of maintenance energy requirement and maximum