Outline Easy technique for computing integrals Piecewise constant approach Gaussian Quadrature Convergence properties Essential role of orthogonal polynomials Multidimensional Integrals Techniques for singular kernels Adaptation and variable transformation Singular quadrature

Outline Laplace Problems Exterior Radiation Condition Green's function Ansatz or Indirect Approach Single and Double Layer Potentials First and Second Kind Equations Greens Theorem Approach First and Second Kind Equations

1 Model problem 1.1 Formulations 1.1.1 Strong formulation LIDE Find a such that for Q a polygonal domain Generalizat ion We look here at a particularly simple but nevertheless illustrative problem

1 Outline for this Module Slide 1 Overview of Integral Equation Methods Important for many exterior problems (Fluids, Electromagnetics, Acoustics) Quadrature and Cubature for computing integrals One and Two dimensional basics Dealing with Singularities 1st and 2nd Kind Integral Equations

Goals Theory A priori A priori error estimates N1 bound various“ measures” of u exact]-un [approximate] in terms of C(n, problem parameters h [mesh diameter, and u

Formulations Model problem Strong Formulation Find u such that Vu=f in n2 a =0 on I for a polygonal domain

Outline Reminder about 1-D 1st and 2nd Kind egns Three-D Laplace Problems Interior Neumann Problem Null space issue First Kind Theory for 3-D Laplace Informal Convergence Theory

Laplace Problems Exterior Radiation Condition Green’s function Ansatz or Indirect Approach Single and Double Layer Potentials First and Second Kind Equations Greens Theorem Approach First and Second Kind Equations

麻省理工学院：偏微分方程式数字方法（英文版）_lec26

8.1 概述 8.1.1 频率合成的基本方法 8.1.2 主要技术指标 8.1.3 相位噪声 8.2 直接频率合成法 8.3 锁相频率合成法 8.3.1 锁相频率合成器的基本构成 8.3.2 锁相频率合成器方案设计中的一些考虑 8.3.3 锁相频率合成器的实际构成方案