7.4.1 Two types of proteins: 7.4.2 Protens synthesized can move or transport between compartments in different ways 7.4.3 Soluble proteins destined for secretion or residence within the lysosomal and other EMS vacuolate lumens 7.4.4. Proteins destined for incorporation into the membranes of ER and other EMS or plasma membranes

Plasma membrane Mitochondrion Nucleus cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum K Golai Apparatus Outside the Cell EUKARYOTIC CELL

lasma enhanced surface diffusion without need for Dry etching Momentum transfer from plasma to remove surface species e We will see evaporation: Evaporate

Chapter 6 Cytoplasmic matrix, Endomembrane system, Protein Sorting and membrane trafficking Learning objective 1. Compartmentalization in Eukaryotic Cells 2. The structural and functional relationship among the er, Golgi complexes, lysosomes and plasma membranes ofeukaryotic cells

THE CELL WALL Before traversing the plasma membrane(p. m., ions must first cross the cell wall and contact the p. m the bulk flow of soil solution coul theoretically carry inorganic ions into the cell wall and through the apoplastic pathway. The thickness of a cell wall is in the range of 500 to 1000 nm. It is porous

present on the B-cell membrane and secreted by plasma cells. Membrane-bound antibody con- fers antigenic specificity on B cells; antigen-specific prolifer- ation of B-cell clones is elicted by the interaction of membrane antibody with antigen Secreted antibodies ci culate in the blood, where they serve as the effectors of hu- moral immunity by searching out and neutralizing antigens or marking them for elimination. All antibodies share struc

General Consideration Antenatal cardiovascular changes Blood volume increase by 40%-60%0 Peaking at 32-34 weeks the expansion in plasma volume is greater than that expansion of red cell mass Cardiac output Increase by 40%6-50% Peaking at 20-24 weeks

Chapter 6 Cytoplasmic matrix, Endomembrane system, Protein Sorting and membrane trafficking Learning objective 1. Compartmentalization in Eukaryotic Cells; 2. The structural and functional relationship among the ER, Golgi complexes, lysosomes and plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells; 3. The pathways of proteins targeting and sorting, and its mechanisms; 4. The ways of protein modifications and intracellular sites after they are synthesized; 5. Types of vesicle transport and their functions

血液概况 血液(blood)的组成 血浆(plasma) 红细胞,白细胞,血小板 血清(serum)---血液凝固后析出的淡黄色透明液体 血液的固体成分 无机物:以电解质为主 有机物:蛋白质、非蛋白质类含氮化合物、糖 类和脂类等