I. Membrane Resting Potential II Action Potential III Initiation of Action Potential Electrophysiological Method to Record Membrane Potential I Voltage Clamp IV Local Response V Excitation and Excitability of the Tissue

I Review Structure of the Cell Membrane II Transport Through the Cell Membrane Tetrodotoxin (TTX) selectively block the voltage-gated Na+ channel ➢ Simple diffusion ➢ Ion channel ➢ Water channel Water transportation through the membrane 3 Active transport 4. Bulk Transport (Endocytosis and Excytosis)

▪ How flowering is induced ▪ How flowering is controlled (ABC model) ▪ The structure of flowers and their reproductive components ▪ Pollination

《医学生理学 Medical Physiology》参考教材资料（PDF电子书籍）Martini, Nath Fundamental of Anatomy and Physiology, 9th Edition, 2012

Part I Human Organization 1 Organization of the Body 2 Chemistry of Life 3 Cell Structure and Function 4 Body Tissues and Membranes 5 The Integumentary System Part II Support and Movement 6 The Skeletal System 7 The Muscular System Part III Integration and Coordination 8 The Nervous System 9 The Sensory System 10 The Endocrine System Part IV Maintenance of the Body 11 Blood 12 The Circulatory System 13 The Lymphatic System and Immunity 14 The Respiratory System 15 The Digestive System 16 The Urinary System Part V Reproduction and Development 17 The Reproductive System 18 Human Development and Birth 19 Human Genetics Appendices A Reference Figures: The Human Organism B Understanding Medical Terminology C Answers to MedAlert Questions D Further Readings

《医学生理学 Medical Physiology》参考教材资料（PDF电子书籍）Ross and WIlson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness, 9th edition 2004

11.1 Juvenility（幼年期） 11.2 Vernalization 春化作用 11.3 Photoperiodism 光周期现象

Affiliation: Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg (Professor from 1890; Director from 1902); Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg Worked on the physiology of circulation and digestion In 1904,he won Nobel Prize for his work on the physiology of digestion

《医学生理学 Medical Physiology》参考教材资料（PDF电子书籍）Arthur C. Guyton and John E. Hall. Textbook of Medical Physiology（11 edition）2006, Elsevier Science

山东大学：《医学生理学 Medical Physiology》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，人体生理学 Human Physiology）神经系统 The Nervous System