1.1波粒二象性 什么是波粒二象性?是指几何形状,还是指运动形态? 1)光的波粒二象性 =h p 其中,E、p是粒子的物理量,v、λ是波动物理量 波粒二象性是指物理量的取值既具有粒子性,也具有波动性

3.1物质的二象性 1.德布罗意波 光的干涉、衍射等现象证实了光的波动性;热辐射、光电效应和康普 顿效应等现象又证实了光的粒子性

第一章 量子力学基础知识 第二章 原子的结构和性质 第三章 双原子分子的结构和性质 第四章 分子的对称性 第五章 多原子分子的结构和性质 第六章 配位化合物的结构和性质 第七章 晶体的点阵结构和晶体的性质 第八章 金属的结构和性质 第九章 离子化合物的结构化学 第十章 非金属元素的结构化学

§5.3 变分法 §5.4 含时微扰 §5.5 跃迁概率 Fermi黄金规则 §5.6 含时微扰与定态微扰论的关系 §5.7 光的发射和吸收、选择定则

§5.6与时间有关的微扰理论 §5.7跃迁几率 §5.8光的发射与吸收 §5.9 选择定则 §5.10 变分法

Nobel lecture december 12, 1933 On passing through an optical instrument, such as a telescope or a camera lens, a ray of light is subjec reflecting surface. The path of the rays can be constructed if we know the two simple laws which govern the changes in direction: the law of refrac- tion which was discovered by Snellius a few hundred years ago, and the law of reflection with which Archimedes was familiar more than 2,000 years ago

When in 1920 I resumed my studies of theoretical physics which had long been interrupted by circumstances beyond my control, I was far from the idea that my studies would bring me several years later to receive such a higl and envied prize as that awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences each year to a scientist: the Nobel Prize for Physics. What at that time drew me towards theoretical physics was not the hope that such a high distinction

That streams of electrons possess the properties of beams of waves was dis- covered early in 1927 in a large industrial laboratory in the midst of a great city, and in a small university laboratory overlooking a cold and desolate sea. The coincidence seems the more striking when one remembers that facil- ities for making this discovery had been in constant use in laboratories throughout the world for more than a quarter of a century. And yet the coincidence was not, in fact, in any way remarkable. Discoveries in physics are made when the time for making them is ripe, and not before; the stage is set, the time is ripe, and the event occurs-more often than not at widely separated places at almost the same moment

1885巴尔默 (Johann Jakob Balmer,1825-1898)发现能够描述四种光谱 波长的公式,后来 Angstrom发现这些谱线属于氢原子 1893维恩 Wilhelm Carl Werner Otto fritz franz Wien,1864-1928)在实验 上发现热体最大辐射的波长反比于温度(维恩定律)。维恩在炉子上钻 了一个小孔,模拟理论黑体

Ever since last Novem ber, I have been wanting to ex press in person my gratit ude to the generas ity of Alfred Nobel, to w hom i ow e it t hat I am privileged be here today, es pecial y since ill ness prevented me from doi ng so at the proper time. the idealism w hic h permeated his char acter led him to make his magnifice nt foundation for the benefit of a cl ass of men with w hose aims and view poi nt his ow n scienti fic instincts and a bility had made him naturally his