21.11 Aryl Halide and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 21.12 Spectroscopic Analysis of Phenols and Aryl Halides

17.7 Lithium Enolates 17.8 α-Selenation: A Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds 17.9 Additions to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones

If a chiral atom attached to the carbonyl group, the stereoselectivity of nucleophilic addition follows the Cram’s rule

Many other pairs of reagents that form cabocations (orcarbocationlike species) may be used as well

No addition of bromine No oxidation No hydroation Slow addition at high temperature and pressure

11.15A Ethers by Intermolecular Dehydration of Alcohols

Acid-Catalyzed hydration of Alkenes Oxymercuration-Demeruration Hydroboration-Oxidation

Alcohols are compounds whose molecules have a hydroxyl group attached to a saturated carbon atom

10.1A Production of Radicals 10.2A Homolytic Bond Dissociation Energies and Heats of Reaction

厦门大学化学化工学院：《有机化学》课程教学资源（课件讲稿，双语版）第九章 醛和酮 9.3.4 α -活泼氢的反应 LDA Lithium diisopropylamide 二异丙氨基