一、多元线性回归模型 二、多元线性回归模型的参数估计 三、OLS估计量的统计性质 四、参数估计量的方差-协方差矩阵和随机误差项σ2方差的估计 五、样本容量问题 六、多元线性回归模型实例

Time series vs Cross sectional e Time series data has a temporal ordering unlike cross-section data Will need to alter some of our assumptions to take into account that we no longer have a random sample of individuals Instead. we have one realization of a stochastic(i.e. random) process Economics 20- Prof anderson

Testing for AR(IS eria Correlation Want to be able to test for whether the errors are serially correlated or not Want to test the null thatp=0 in u,=pu, 1 +et=2.. where u is the model error

Fixed Effects estimation When there is an observed fixed effect. an alternative to first differences is fixed effects estimation Consider the average over time of y Bx1+…+Bxik+a1+l The average of a, will be ai so if you subtract the mean. a will be differenced out just as when doing first differences Economics 20- Prof anderson

Why Use Instrumental Variables? e Instrumental Variables(IV)estimation is used when your model has endogenous xs That is, whenever Cov(x,l)≠0 Thus. i can be used to address the problem of omitted variable bias 2 Additionally iv can be used to solve the classic errors-in-variables problem Economics 20- Prof anderson

Simultaneity Simultaneity is a specific type of endogeneity problem in which the explanatory variable is jointly determined with the dependent variable 2 As with other types of endogeneity, IV estimation can solve the problem o Some special issues to consider with simultaneous equations modelS(SEM) Economics 20- Prof anderson

一、简单线性回归模型的设定 二、简单线性回归模型的基本假定 三、简单线性回归模型参数的估计方法 四、参数估计量的统计性质 五、拟合优度的度量 六、回归系数的区间估计和假设检验 七、回归模型预测 八、EViews应用

一、真回归和伪回归 二、时间序列平稳性的概念 三、时间序列的单位根检验（DF、ADF检验） 四、单整的概念 五、协整的概念和协整检验 六、误差修正模型 七、EViews应用

一、GLS法原理 二、异方差的来源及后果 三、异方差的检验 四、消除异方差和估计模型 五、EViews的应用 六、案例

一、多重共线性的含义 二、多重共线性来源及对OLSE性质的影响 三、多重共线检验：可决系数法、方差膨胀因子 四、多重共线的解决办法：逐步回归法 五、遗漏重要解释变量的后果 六、理解案例