Chapter 1 Separation processes-an overview A. S. GRANDISON and M. J. LEWIS Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Reading, Whiteknights PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP 1.1 FOODS- THE RAW MATERIAL Food and drink play a vital role in all our lives, providing us with the nutrients essential

Chapter 3 Pressure-activated membrane processes M. J. LEWIS, Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP 3.1 INTRODUCTION Over the last 30 years, a number of membrane processes have evolved, which make use of a pressure driving force and a semi-permeable membrane in order to effect a separa- tion of components in a solution or colloidal dispersion. The separation is based mainly on molecular size, but to a lesser extent on shape and charge. The three main processes

Chapter 5 Microfiltration A. S. GRANDISON, Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP and T.J. A FINNIGAN, Marlow Foods, Middlesbrough. 5.1 INTRODUCTION Microfiltration (MF) is the oldest membrane technology, having been used several

Chapter 7 Innovative separation methods in bioprocessing J. A. ASENJO, Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK and J. B. CHAUDHURI, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath

Chapter 9 Solids separation processes M.J. LEWIS, Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Reading RG6 6AP 9.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter will cover the separations involving solid foods, together with the propertie

Index adsorption recycle extraction, continuous, 196 concentration polarisation, 72 adsorption systems, expanded bed, 195 concentration polarisation, UF, 106, 146 adsorption, SCF, 40 critical T and P for supercritical fluids, 20 affinity chromatography, 202 crystallisation, 230

Contents Preface 1 Separation processes- an overview S. Grandison and M. J. Lewis 1.1 Foods the raw material 1.2 Separation techniques 1.2.1 Introduction 1.2.2 Separations from solids

1.孟德尔分离规律、验证、应用; 2.显性性状的表现及与环境的关系; 3.二对相对性状的遗传; 4.多对相对性状的遗传; 5.基因互作; 6.基因的作用和性状的表现; 一因多效、多因一效

(一)溶剂提取法: 1.溶剂提取法的原理:溶剂提取法是根据中草药中各种成分在溶剂中的溶解性质,选用对活性成分 溶解度大,对不需要溶出成分溶解度小的溶剂,而将有效成分从药材组织内溶解出来的方法。当溶剂加到 中草药原料(需适当粉碎)中时,溶剂由于扩散、渗透作用逐渐通过细胞壁透入到细胞内,溶解了可溶性 物质,而造成细胞内外的浓度差,于是细胞内的浓溶液不断向外扩散,溶剂又不断进入药材组织细胞中, 如此多次往返,直至细胞内外溶液浓度达到动态平衡时,将此饱和溶液滤出,继续多次加入新溶剂,就可 以把所需要的成分近于完全溶出或大部溶出

鲻形目 Mugiliformes 一、特征:腹鳍亚胸位或腹位。背鳍2个,分离。体被圆鳞或栉鳞。 分3个亚目: 大鳞鲻 Mugil macrolepis 魣亚目 鲻亚目 马(鱼友)亚目