17.1 The Acidity of the α Hydrogens of Carbonyl Compounds: Enolate Anions 17.2 Keto and Enol Tautomers 17.3 Reactions via Enols and Enolate Anions

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the corresponding alkane name with –al. The longest chain selected as the base name must contain the –CHO group, and the –CHO carbon is always numbered as carbon 1

三维图形在科学研究和工程技术中有着广泛的应用。在CAD中，需 要对所设计的作品从不同的角度进行审视。计算机几何造型就是 用计算机系统来表示、控制、分析和输出三维形体。所以几何造 型是计算机图形学中一个十分重要的应用领域，它是CAD/CAM和 CIMS系统的核心技术，也是用来实现计算机辅助设计的基本手段

More reactive than benzene toward electrophilic substitution NO2 An deactivating group Less reactive than benzene toward electrophilic substitution Ortho-para director Meta director

The most characteristic reactions of benzenoid arenes are the substitution reactions that occur when they react with electrophilic reagents. The electrophiles are either a positive ion (E+) or some other electron-deficient species with a large partial positive charge

第一部分 心理学前沿问题与研究取向篇 第二部分 广义问题解决过程篇 第三部分 研究方法篇

A UV-Vis spectrophotometer measures the amount of light absorbed at each wavelength of the UV and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. λmax— the wavelength of maximum absorption

Conjugated unsaturated systems have a p orbital on a carbon adjacent to a double bond The p orbital can come from another double or triple bond The p orbital may be the empty p orbital of a carbocation or a p orbital with a single electron in it (a radical)

社会历史发展到今天，其管理模式也发生了根本性的变化，即由“统治”（government）到“治理”(governance)的转变。政府统治的权力运行方向是自上而下的，它运用政府的政治权力，通过发号施令，对社会公共事务实行单向度的管理。与此相反，治理则是一个上下互动的管理过程，它主要通过合作、协商、伙伴关系、确立认同和共同目标等方式来实现对社会公共事务的管理，所以治理的权力向度是多元的、相互的。这种“治理”就是公民社会的自治

Primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes and carboxylic acids