Every community produces both liquid and solid wastes and air emissions. The liquid waste-wastewater is essentially the water supply of the community after it has been used in a variety of applications. From the standpoint of sources of generation, wastewater may be defined as a combination of the liquid or water-carried wastes removed from residences. institutions and commercial and industrial establishments together with such groundwater

Determining wastewater flowrates and constituent mass loadings is a fundamental step in initiating the conceptual process design of wastewater treatment facilities. Reliable data for existing and projected flowrates affect the hydraulic characteristics, sizing, and operational considerations of the treatment system components. Constituent mass loading, the product of constituent concentration and flowrate

The control of particulates and VOCs is mostly accomplished by physical processes (cyclones, ESPs, filters, leakage control, vapor capture, condensation) that do not involve changing the chemical nature of the pollutant. Some particles and VOCs are chemically changed into harmless materials by combustion. This chapter and the next concern pollutants--sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides that cannot be economically collected by physical means nor rendered harmless by combustion. Their control is largely chemical rather than physical. For this reason, these two chapters are more chemically oriented than the rest of the book

Solid wastes comprise all the wastes arising from human and animal activities that are normally solid and that are discarded as useless or unwanted. The term solid waste as used in this text is all-inclusive, encompassing the heterogeneous mass of throwaways from the urban community as well as the more homogeneous accumulation of agricultural, industrial, and mineral wastes. This book is focused on the urban setting, where the accumulation of solid wastes is a direct consequence of life

Operations used for the treatment of wastewater in which change is brought about by means of or through the application of physical forces are known as physical unit operations. Because physical unit operations were derived originally from observations of the physical world. they were the first treatment methods to be used. Today, physical unit operations, as shown on Fig. 5-1, are a major part of most wastewater

The constituents of concern found in wastewater are removed by physical, chemical, and biological methods. The individual methods usually are classified as physical unit operations, chemical unit processes, and biological unit ds in which the application of physical forces ohysical unit operations include pr T3clarifiers

An understanding of the nature of wastewater is essential in the design and operation of collection, treatment, and reuse facilities, and in the engineering management of environmental quality. To promote this understanding, the information in this chapter is presented in eight sections dealing with (1)an introduction to the constituents found in wastewater, (2)sampling and analytical procedures, (3) physical characteristics, (4)inorganic nonmetallic constituents, (5) metallic constituents

第九章固体废物的处理、处置和利用 第一节概述 一、固体废物的定义 固体废物(solid wastes)亦称废物,是指人类在生产、加工、流通、消费以及生活等过 程中提取所需目的成分之后,所丢弃的固态或泥浆状的物质。 随着人类社会文明的发展,人们在索取和利用自然资源从事生产和生活活动时,由于客观 条件的限制,总要把其中的一部分作为废物丢弃

《大气污染控制工程》是高等院校环境工程专业 的主干学科,本科生专业必修课之一。本课程系 统地讨论大气污染控制工程的基本知识,大气污 染气象学基础知识,大气污染防治技术的基本理 论、基本概念、基本原理、主要设备和典型工艺 营等。培养学生分析和解决大气污染控制工程问题 §的基本能力,结合课程实验和毕业设计等教学环节 2为学生毕业后从事大气污染控制工程设计,技术管 理等工作奠定必要的基础。 §1-1 大气圈的构成及大气组成 §1-2 大气污染 §1~3 大气污染的危害 §1~4 大气污染与气象的关系 §1-5 大气污染防治途径 §1-6 大气环境质量控制标准

Birth-and-Death Queuing Systems 1. m parallel, identical servers. 2. Infinite queue capacity. 3. Whenever users are in system (in queue plus in service) arrivals are Poisson at rate of an per unit of time. 4. Whenever n users are in system, service completions are Poisson at rate of un per unit of time. 5. FCFS discipline