rganometallic compounds are compounds that have a carbon-metal bond; they lie at the place where organic and inorganic chemistry meet. You are already familiar with at least one organometallic compound, sodium acetylide (NaC=CH), which has an ionic bond between carbon and sodium. But just because a compound contains both a metal and carbon isn't enough to classify it as organometal-

ou have already had considerable experience with carbanionic compounds and rgani their applications in synthetic organic chemistry. The first was acetylide ion in Chapter 9, followed in Chapter 14 by organometallic compounds-Grignard reagents, for example-that act as sources of negatively polarized carbon. In Chapter 18 you learned that enolate ions-reactive

itrogen-containing compounds are essential to life. Their ultimate source is atmo- spheric nitrogen which, by a process known as nitroge. nitrogen fixation, is reduce ced to ammonia, then converted to organic nitrogen compounds. This chapter describes the chemistry of amines, organic derivatives of ammonia. Alkylamines have their nitro- gen attached to sp'-hybridized carbon; arylamines have their nitrogen attached to an sp2-hybridized carbon of a benzene or benzene-like ring

McGraw-Hill Higher Education A Division of The McGrawp-Hill Companies ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, FOURTH EDITION Copyright 2000, 1996, 1992, 1987 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieva

SOLUTIONS TO TEXT PROBLEMS 7.1 (c)Carbon-2 is a stereogenic center in 1-bromo-2-methylbutane, as it has four different substituents: H, CH, CH,CH2, and BrCH2. H BrCH2-C-CH2CH, CH3 (d) There are no stereogenic centers in2-romo-2- me. Br CH:-C-CH,CH3 CH, 7.(b) Carbon-2 is a stereogenic center in 1, 1, 2-trimethylcyclobutane

10.1 As noted in the sample solution to part(a), a pair of electrons is moved from the double bond toward the positively charged carbon

SOLUTIONS TO TEXT PROBLEMS 14.1 () Magnesium bears a cyclohexyl substituent and a chlorine. Chlorine is named as an anion. The compound is cyclohexylmagnesium chloride. 14.2 (b) The alkyl bromide precursor to sec-butyllithiur must be sec-butyl bromide

22.2 N,N-Dimethylcycloheptylamine may also be named as a dimethyl derivative of cycloheptanamine. -N(CH3)2 N,N-Dimethylcycloheptanamine 22.3 Three substituents are attached to the nitrogen atom; the amine is tertiary. In alphabetical order, the s substituents present on the aniline nucleus are ethyl, isopropyl, and methyl. Their positions are

SOLUTIONS TO TEXT PROBLEMS 24.(b) A benzyl group(C., CH2) is ortho to the phenolic hydroxyl group in o-benzylphenol. OH CH2C.Hs (c)Naphthalene is numbered as shown. 3-Nitro-I-naphth has a hydroxyl group at C-1 and a nitro group

Definition Peptic Ulcer Disease is defined as an ulcer occurring in a region that touches gastric aci d(胃酸) and pepsin(胃蛋白酶) and usually refers to gastric ulcer(胃溃疡) or duodenal ulcer (十二指肠溃疡)