Before we look specifically at thin-walled sections, let us consider the general case (i.e, thick-Walled) Hollow thick-walled sections Figure 12.1 Representation of a general thick-walled cross-section 中=c2 on one boundary φ=c1 on one boundary This has more than one boundary(multiply-connected do=0 on each boundary
1. abide by(=be faithful to;obey)忠于;遵守。 2. be absent from缺席,不在 3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded-)心不在焉 4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸…的注意力(被动语态):be