霉形体培养特性 一、营养要求比一般细菌高,除基础营养物质外还 需加入10~20%人或动物血清以提供支原体所 需的胆固醇。大多数兼性厌氧,有些菌株在初 分离时加入5%CO生长更好

1.掌握不同学科实验研究方法的特点和优势。 2.掌握如何根据实验研究的要求选择实验研究方法(包括一种或几种方法的要求) 3.了解各学科的主要实验研究方法

has declined become the se led only by heart di person in three in the that one in five will die spective, cancer cells ca ch ing particular a Cancerous melanoma cells. nized by the ir d cers Cancer: Origin and Terminology The final section des

realized that the immune system could go awry and, instead of reacting against foreign antigens, could focus its attack on self-antigens. He termed this con- dition\horror autotoxicus \We now understand that while mechanisms of self-tolerance normally protect an individual from potentially self-reactive lymphocytes, there are failures They result in an inappropriate response of the immune system against self-components termed autoimmunity In the 1960s, it was believed that all self-reactive lymphocytes

the early vaccination trials of Edward Jenner and oneering efforts, vac nce of diseases such ng cougl Vaccination with DN A Active and Passive Immunization Designing Vaccines for Active Immunization mWhole-Organism Vaccines Purified Macromolecules as Vaccines Recombinant-Vector Vaccines DNA Vaccines Multivalent Subunit Vaccines mmon usage. Experience has shown that not every vaccine

effector molecules that act to remove antigen b ren various mechanisms described in previous chap es antigen without A Second Exposure to Poison Oak May Result in Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Gell and Coombs Classification IgE-Mediated (Type I) Hypersensitivity Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic(Type) Hypersensitivity aImmune Complex-Mediated (Type Ill) Hypersensitivity

ne system assume different roles in pro- the host. The effectors of the humoral molecules f cells Big CTL Attacks Little Tumor Cell Effector Responses General Properties of Effector Cells Cytotoxic T Cells Natural Killer Cells Antibody-Dependent- Cell-Mediated- Cytotoxicity Experimental Assessment of Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

response involves lymphoid cells, inflammatory cells, and hematopoietic cells. The complex inter- lls are mediated by a group of pro- les to denote their role in secreted by body in activity of cyto- Class I Cytokine Receptors receptors,signal ptors, the role of cytokine Properties of Cytokines

recognition by most T cells from recognition by B iction. In most cases, both th maturati vation of ma the involver diversity o CD4\ and CD class I MHC Activat Engagement of TcR by Peptide: MHC Initiates interaction of th n antigenic Signal Transduction tide displayed though the sp

that peptides derived from the antigen be displayed within the cleft of an MHC peptide-Mhcthe m ormation of the Antigen Processing for Presentation by Class I MHC Molecules Self-MHC Restriction of T Cells Class tides that Role of Antigen-Presenting Cells Evidence for Two Processing and Presentation Pathways