1 Introduction Background for New methodology Modern natural science methodology is mainly based on matter and energy Even though matter and energy are still necessitate factors in information system, yet the characteristic feature of information systems, particularly the complex ones, is neither matter nor energy but information Without information, the complex information systems, like brain and intelligent life. cannot be understood

1.1 System Fundamentals Definitions System: Definitions System- integrity of elements that form a certain structure internally and perform certain functions externally. L von Bertalanffy: System --set of interrelated elements

List of contents From Knowledge to Strategy 2. Classical Model of Decision-Making 3. Information Theory of Decision-Making 4. Unified Theory

1. Model of Communication System Noise Source Sink T Channel T: Transformation Source, sink, and channel are given beforehand Transformation to match the source with the channel

Problems to be concerned with 1. How should we define the concept of Information 2. What are the typical features of Information compared with matter and energy 3. What are the relationship and difference between Shannon Information and comprehensive Information 4. How to reasonably classify Information 5. How to properly represent Information

第一节信息检索及其类型 第二节信息检索语言 第三节信息检索技术 第四节检索工具

一、数据库简介 二、数据库检索 三、检索结果的处理

一、总体介绍 二、收录范围 三、主要类且 四、主要特征

[第一章思考与练习] 1.申农的“信息是用来消除不确定性的东西”的定义有什么局限? 2.维纳的“信息是人和外界相互作用过程中相互交换的内容的名称”的定义有什么局限? 3.什么是企业信息管理?它包括哪些内容? 4.为什么说“信息就是资源”的说法不妥?

§10.1 概述 §10.2 地形图应用的基本知识 §10.3 面积量算 §10.4 在地形图上按一定方向绘制断面图 §10.5 地形图在平整场地中的应用 §10.6 地理信息系统在城市管理中的应用