Groups. Teams and Effectiveness oGroup: two or more people who interact with each other to accomplish a goal. oTeam: group who work intensively with each other to achieve a specific common goal All teams are groups, BUT, not all groups are teams. o Teams often are difficult to form I Takes time for members to work together. Teams can improve organizational performance Irwin/McGraw-Hill

Motivation oDefined as the psychological forces within a person that determine: 1) direction of behavior in an organization; 2) the effort or how hard people work 3) the persistence displayed in meeting goals. Intrinsic Motivation: behavior performed for its own sake

Organizational Control Managers must monitor evaluate Are we efficiently converting inputs into outputs? Must accurately measure units of inputs and outputs. Is product quality improving e Are we competitive with other firms? Are employees responsive to customers? customer service is increasingly important. Are our managers innovative in outlook? Does the control system encourage risk-taking

Designing organizational structure Organizing the process by which managers establish working relationships among employees to achieve goals. Organizational Structure: formal system of task& reporting relationships showing how workers use resources

Managerial Decision Making Decision making: the process by which managers respond to opportunities and threats by analyzing options, and making decisions about goals and courses of action. oDecisions in response to opportunities: managers respond to ways to improve organizational performance. ODecisions in response to threats: occurs when managers are impacted by adverse events to the organization

The Global environment oIn the past, managers have viewed the global sector as closed Each country or market was assumed to be isolated from others Firms did not consider global competition, exports oToday's environment is very different managers need to view it as an open market Organizations buy and sell around the world Managers need to learn to compete globally Irwin/McGraw-Hill CThe McGran-Hill Companies, Inc, 2000

Analyzing Consumer Markets and Buying Behavior Marketing Management Tenth edition Philip Kotler

第一节人力资源 一、资源: 人们赖以生存和发展的自然基础 传统农业时期: 三分说: labourcapital/lland 四分说:加 management

Objectives Work Performed by marketing channels Channel-Design Decisions Channel-Management Decisions Channel Dynamics

Objectives Course Organization Tasks of Marketing Major Concepts Tools of Marketing Marketplace Orientations Marketing's Responses to New Challenges