Choosing a Topic Start with a general area or set of questions Make sure you are interested in the topic Use on-line services such as EconLit to investigate past work on this topic Narrow down your topic to a specific question or issue to be investigated Work through the theoretical issue Economics 20-Prof. Anderson

Testing for Unit roots Consider an AR(1): y=a+p +e,t Let Ho: p=1, (assume there is a unit root) Define 0=p-1 and subtract y, from both sides to obtain Ay,=a+ B+e, Unfortunately, a simple t-test is inappropriate, since this is an I(1) process ADickey-Fuller Test uses the t-statistic, but different critical values Economics 20- Prof anderson

A True panel vs a Pooled cross section Often loosely use the term panel data to refer to any data set that has both a cross sectional dimension and a time-series dimension More precisely it's only data following the same cross-section units over time Otherwise it's a pooled cross-section Economics 20- Prof anderson

烟草野火病和角斑病 Wildfire and Angular Leaf Spot of Tobacco 烟草野火病和角斑病是烟草上两种重要的叶部细菌病害,分布较广,我国各烟区都有 发生。其中以河南、山东、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江云贵等烟区发生较重。历史上山东潍坊、 辽宁城及云南某些地区都不同程度地暴发过野火病和角斑病

Why study econometrics? Rare in economics(and many other areas without labs! ) to have experimental data Need to use nonexperimental. or observational data to make inferences eImportant to be able to apply economic theory to real world data Economics 20- Prof. Anderson

3.064 Quiz 3- Sample Questions 1. Consider a unidirectionally reinforced fiber-matrix composite a)What elastic constants(relative to the fiber and transverse directions )are needed to describe this material?

本章教学基本要求: 1.了解直流电机主要结构,注意换向器和电刷的作用; 2.熟悉直流发电机和电动机基本工作原理,熟悉电枢反应,理解感应电势和电磁转矩这两个机电能量转换要素的物理意义,掌握求解它们的计算方法; 3.掌握直流电机的运行原理,电势、转矩平衡方程式,以及不同励磁方式的直流电机的工作特性; 4.了解直流电机的换向

本章教学基本要求 1.掌握分析直流电动机机械特性及各种运行状态的基本理论和基本运算方法 2.掌握他励直流电动机机械特性、起动、制动及其过渡过程的基本特性; 3.了解电枢反应对过渡过程的影响; 4.掌握他励直流电动机调速性能指标和直流电动机调速方法

本章基本教学要求 1.了解异步电动机的结构 2理解旋转磁场的概念、圆形旋转磁势的特性和产生条件,了解分布和短距绕组对消除高次谐波电势的作用。 3.深入理解并掌握综合表达三相异步电动机电磁关系的基本方程式、等值电路和相量图,转子转动时异步电动机的运行原理,转子绕组折算和频率折算;

1.熟悉同步电动机的结构; 2.熟悉工作原理,理解电枢反应的物理意义; 3.掌握电压方程、相量图、矩角特性和功角特性 4.了解同步电动机的异步起动方法