复旦大学：《生物化学A Biochemistry》课程PPT教学课件（下，分子生物学）Molecular Biology）RNA代谢 RNA metabolism

Chapter 5 Macromolecules and Molecular Genetics The key informational macromolecules in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are DNA, RNA, and protein. Molecular Genetics deals with the mechanisms by which the information in DNA is replicated, and by which it can be transcribed into rNa and translated into specific proteins

基因作为唯一能够自主复制、永久存在的单位，其生物学功能是以蛋白质的形式表达出来的。DNA序列是遗传信息的贮存者，它通过自主复制得到永存，并通过转录生成信使RNA，翻译生成蛋白质的过程来控制生命现象

核酸 核酸是生物遗传信息的载体，分脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)和核糖核酸(RNA)两大类，所有的细胞 都同时含有这两类核酸。DNA 主要集中在细胞核内，占细胞干重的 5~15%，但线粒体、叶绿体中也有 少量 DNA。RNA 主要分布于细胞质中

《分子生物学》课程PPT教学课件（双语版）第四章 分子生物学常用技术：核酸分子杂交（DNA/DNA or DNA/RNA）技术、蛋白质/DNA、蛋白质/RNA杂交技术

1.DNA Structure 2.DNA Topology 3.RNA Structure

Most of the eukaryotic genes are mosaic (嵌合体), consisting of intervening sequences separating the coding sequence ◼ Exons (外显子): the coding sequences ◼ Introns (内含子) : the intervening sequences ◼ RNA splicing: the process by which introns are removed from the pre￾mRNA. ◼ Alternative splicing (可变剪接): some pre-mRNAs can be spliced in more than one way , generating alternative mRNAs. 60% of the human genes are spliced in this manner

Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement or provide a brief explanation for why it is false ODNA replication is initiated at promoter sequences in the dNA ii)RNA polymerase requires primers to initiate RNA synthesis

一、DNA的合成(复制) 二、DNA的损伤和修复 三、RNA的合成(转录) 四、RNA生物合成的抑制剂 五、逆转录作用

Below is an electron micrograph of a single gene being transcribed. The DNA strand runs horizontally with RNa transcripts extending vertically outward Image removed due to copyright reasons a)Draw an arrow indicating the direction that the RNA polymerases are