Mest 16888 ESD.J7 Multidisciplinary System Design Optimization(MSDO) Multidisciplinary Design and Analysis Problem Formulation Lecture 2 9 February 2004 Karen Willcox o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof. Willcox
1 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox Multidisciplinary System Multidisciplinary System Design Optimization (MSDO) Design Optimization (MSDO) Multidisciplinary Design and Analysis Problem Formulation Lecture 2 9 February 2004 Karen Willcox
Mest Today's Topics 16888 E77 · mdo definition MDO disciplines Optimization problem elements Optimization problem formulation MDo in the design process MDO challenges o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof. Willcox
2 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox Today’s Topics Today’s Topics • MDO definition • MDO disciplines • Optimization problem elements • Optimization problem formulation • MDO in the design process • MDO challenges
Mest MDO Definition 16888 E77 What is MDo A methodology for the design of complex engineering systems and subsystems that coherently exploits the synergism of mutually interacting phenomena Optimal design of complex engineering systems which requires analysis that accounts for interactions amongst the disciplines e parts of the system) How to decide what to change and to what extent to change it, when everything influences everything else Ref:aIaaMdowebsitehttp://endo.sandiagovaiaa_mdOtc/mAin.html o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof. Willcox
3 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox MDO Definition MDO Definition What is MDO ? • A methodology for the design of complex engineering systems and subsystems that coherently exploits the synergism of mutually interacting phenomena • Optimal design of complex engineering systems which requires analysis that accounts for interactions amongst the disciplines (= parts of the system) • “How to decide what to change, and to what extent to change it, when everything influences everything else.” Ref: AIAA MDO website http://endo.sandia.gov/AIAA_MDOTC/main.html
M esd Engineering Design Disciplines E50. Aircraft Spacecraft automobiles Aerodynamics Astrodynamics Engines Propulsion Thermodynamics Body/chassis Structures Communications Aerodynamics Controls Payload Sensor Electronics Avionics /software Structures Hydraulics Manufacturing ptIcs Industrial design Guidance Control others others Fairly mature, but advances in theory, methodology computation and application foster substantial payoffs o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof Willcox
4 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox Engineering Design Disciplines Engineering Design Disciplines Spacecraft: Astrodynamics Thermodynamics Communications Payload & Sensor Structures Optics Guidance & Control Automobiles: Engines Body/chassis Aerodynamics Electronics Hydraulics Industrial design others Aircraft: Aerodynamics Propulsion Structures Controls Avionics/Software Manufacturing others Fairly mature, but advances in theory, methodology, computation and application foster substantial payoffs
M esd Multidisciplinary Aspects of Design E5D 71 Emphasis is on the multidisciplinary nature of the complex engineering systems design process. Aero space vehicles are a particular class of such systems Structures Control Emphasis in recent years has been on advances that can Aerodynamics be achieved due to the inter- action of two or more disciplines o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof. Willcox
5 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox Multidisciplinary Aspects of Design Multidisciplinary Aspects of Design Emphasis is on the multidisciplinary nature of the complex engineering systems design process. Aerospace vehicles are a particular class of such systems. Structures Aerodynamics Control Emphasis in recent years has been on advances that can be achieved due to the interaction of two or more disciplines
Mlesd System Level Optimization 16888 E77 Why system-level, multidisciplinary optimization Disciplinary specialists tend to strive towards improvement of objectives and satisfaction of constraints in terms of the variables of their own discipline In doing so they generate side effects-often unknowingly that other disciplines have to absorb, usually to the detriment of the overall system performance EXample: High wing aspect ratio aircraft designs o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof. Willcox
6 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox System Level Optimization System Level Optimization Why system-level, multidisciplinary optimization ? • Disciplinary specialists tend to strive towards improvement of objectives and satisfaction of constraints in terms of the variables of their own discipline • In doing so they generate side effects - often unknowinglythat other disciplines have to absorb, usually to the detriment of the overall system performance Example: High wing aspect ratio aircraft designs
M esd Concurrent Engineering Disciplines E5.77 Must also include the broader set of concurrent engineering(CE) disciplines Manufacturing: Model manufacturing tools and processes as a function of part geometry, materials, and assemblies Supportability: Model parts reliability and failure rates estimated down-time due to repairs etc Cost Estimate development, manufacturing and operations costs. Often cost-estimation relationships(CEr's Prerequisite: Development of realistic, reliable and easy to use mathematical models for these disciplines-difficult o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof Willcox
7 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox Concurrent Engineering Disciplines Concurrent Engineering Disciplines Must also include the broader set of concurrent engineering (CE) disciplines. Manufacturing: Supportability: Cost: Model manufacturing tools and processes as a function of part geometry, materials, and assemblies Model parts reliability and failure rates, estimated down-time due to repairs etc... Estimate development, manufacturing and operations costs. Often cost-estimation relationships (CER’s) Prerequisite: Development of realistic, reliable and easy to use mathematical models for these disciplines - difficult
Mlesd Supporting Disciplines 16888 ESD.J7 Multidisciplinary design optimization of aerospace vehicles cannot take place without substantial contributions from supporting disciplines Human Interface Aspects of Design Intelligent and Knowledge-Based Systems Computing aspects of Design Information Integration and Management o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof. Willcox
8 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox Supporting Disciplines Supporting Disciplines Multidisciplinary design optimization of aerospace vehicles cannot take place without substantial contributions from supporting disciplines: • Human Interface Aspects of Design • Intelligent and Knowledge-Based Systems • Computing Aspects of Design • Information Integration and Management
Mlesd Human Interface Aspects of Design 16888 ESD.J7 It is wrong to think of Mdo as"automated"or push button" design The human strengths( creativity, intuition, decision making) and computer strengths(memory, speed objectivity) should complement each other The human will always be the Meta-designer Challenges of defining an effective interface continuous Vs discrete thinking Challenges of visualization in multidimensional space, e.g. search path from initial design to final design Human element is a key component in any successful system design methodology o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof. Willcox
9 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox Human Interface Aspects of Design Human Interface Aspects of Design It is wrong to think of MDO as “automated” or “pushbutton” design: • The human strengths (creativity, intuition, decisionmaking) and computer strengths (memory, speed, objectivity) should complement each other • The human will always be the Meta-designer • Challenges of defining an effective interface – continuous vs. discrete thinking • Challenges of visualization in multidimensional space, e.g. search path from initial design to final design Human element is a key component in any successful system design methodology
Mesd Quantitative vs Qualitative 16888 E77 AlAA Technical Committee on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization(MDO) White Paper on Current State of the Art. January 15, 1991 Human mind is the driving force in the design process but mathematics and computers are indispensable tools o Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof. Willcox
10 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Prof. de Weck and Prof. Willcox Quantitative vs. Qualitative Quantitative vs. Qualitative Human mind is the driving force in the design process, but mathematics and computers are indispensable tools AIAA Technical Committee on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO). White Paper on Current State of the Art. January 15, 1991