甲状腺功能减退 Hypothyroidism 复旦大学医学院内分泌科 李益明
甲状腺功能减退 Hypothyroidism 复旦大学医学院内分泌科 李 益 明
Hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid axis Hypothalamus Inhibitio Free Hormone Bound Hormone Pituitary T3,T4 Bi Thyroid
Hypothalamic-pituitarythyroid axis
HYPOTHALAMUS TRH Somatostatin HYPOFYZA TSH T 3 STITNA ZLAZA Na sech urownich navic dochazi ke konverzi T, na aktivnejsi T3, coz muze hrat roli ve zpetnovazebne kontrole
Overview Clinical syndrome Slowing down of metabolism Slowing of growth and mental retardation in infants and children Generalized slowing down of organism Deposition of glycosaminoglycans in skin and muscle Reversible with therapy
Overview Clinical syndrome Slowing down of metabolism Slowing of growth and mental retardation in infants and children Generalized slowing down of organism Deposition of glycosaminoglycans in skin and muscle Reversible with therapy
Etiology and Classifcation Primary(thyroid failure) t Hashimoto's thyroiditis t lodide deficiency or excessive radioactive iodine therapy for gd Subtotal thyroidectomy t Subacute thyroiditis Secondary: pituitary deficit Tertiary: hypothalamic dysfunction Peripheral resistance to thyroid hormone
Etiology and Classifcation Primary(thyroid failure) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis Iodide deficiency or excessive Radioactive iodine therapy for GD Subtotal thyroidectomy Subacute thyroiditis Secondary: pituitary deficit Tertiary: hypothalamic dysfunction Peripheral resistance to thyroid hormone
Pathogenesis Affects each tissue Accumulation of glycosaminoglycans(hyaluronic acid) Not to excessive synthesis t But decreased destrution Increased capillary permeability Interstitial edema Skin ◆正 eart muscle t Striated muscle
Pathogenesis Affects each tissue Accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronic acid) Not to excessive synthesis But decreased destrution Increased capillary permeability Interstitial edema Skin Heart muscle Striated muscle
Clinical features
Clinical Features
Adults Symptoms t Easy fatigability t Coldness Weight gain Constipation t Menstrual irregularities Signs Cool, rough, dry skin t Puffy face and hands t Hoarse and husky voice t slow reflexes t Yellowish color skin
Adults Symptoms Easy fatigability Coldness Weight gain Constipation Menstrual irregularities Signs Cool, rough, dry skin Puffy face and hands Hoarse and husky voice Slow reflexes Yellowish color skin
Clinical features Cardiovascular signs t Impaired myocardium contraction t bradycardia t Diminished cardiac output t ECG: low voltage of QRS, P, t waves t Pericardial effusion Coronary artery disease Cardiac angina(Replacement therapy aggravate
Clinical Features Cardiovascular signs Impaired myocardium contraction Bradycardia Diminished cardiac output ECG: low voltage of QRS, P, T waves Pericardial effusion Coronary artery disease Cardiac angina(Replacement therapy aggravate )
Clinical Features Pulmonary function t Shallow slow respiration ◆ Respiratory failure Intestinal peristalsis ◆ Markedly slowed ◆ Constipation Renal function t Decreased glomerular filtration
Clinical Features Pulmonary function Shallow, slow respiration Respiratory failure Intestinal peristalsis Markedly slowed Constipation Renal function Decreased glomerular filtration