Unit 8 Time allotment Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Warm-up exercises Detailed read ing After read ing Section b Cultural notes Sectiona Slavery gave Me nothing to Lose Obiectives Students will be able to: 1. grasp the main idea(The main character, Zora Neale Hurston states that she does not feel separated about being a colored American citizen. 2. master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text 3. conduct a serious of reading, listening, speaking and writing activ ities related to the theme of the unit Warm-up exercises 1. How did Zora view white and Negro people when she lived in her hometown? When she lived in her hometown, Zora viewed white people as those only traveling on horseback through her hometown, and black people as those living there 2. What effect did being viewed as a Negro have on Zora and how did she see her own future Being viewed as a Negro had no ill effect on Zora, as she said, "it fails to register depression with me. " This is because slavery to her was a thing of the past. In add ition, she still saw a bright future ahead. She believed that she had been given the opportunity to push ahead and succeed. And she felt she had nothing to lose but everything to gain 3. What have you heard about the blacks in the States? As far as i know the blacks in the States were traded here from Africa. Before the Civil War, the majority of the blacks worked as slaves in the States, particularly in the South. Over a long period in history, they lived in very poor cond itions at the botto of the society, despised by the white in general, and suffering inequal ity and indignity in all ways from human rights to political significance. Though, the circumstances with them grew better after the Civil War, cases are frequently reported that the blacks were treated unjustly in the States Culturalnotes 1. Eatoni It is a small community of great significance to African-American history and culture Located just north of Orlando, Florida between Winter Park and Maitland, it is historically recognized as the first incorporated African-American municipality in the United States and one of the oldest survivin ng African communities in the U. S Following the Civil War, free" Africans settling in the area worked primarily as farm hands clearing land or helping in the construction of nearby Maitland, a white Eatonville is culturally important for its renowned native daughter, Zora Neale Hurston, author, anthropologist and folklorist. Her words captured forever the culture
Unit 8 Time allotment Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Warm-up exercises Cultural notes Global reading Detailed reading After reading Section B Section A Slavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose Objectives Students will be able to: 1. grasp the main idea (The main character, Zora Neale Hurston states that she does not feel separated about being a colored American citizen.) 2. master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; 3. conduct a serious of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit. Warm-up exercises 1．How did Zora view white and Negro people when she lived in her hometown? When she lived in her hometown, Zora viewed white people as those only traveling on horseback through her hometown, and black people as those living there. 2．What effect did being viewed as a Negro have on Zora and how did she see her own future? Being viewed as a Negro had no ill effect on Zora, as she said, “it fails to register depression with me.” This is because slavery to her was a thing of the past. In addition, she still saw a bright future ahead. She believed that she had been given the opportunity to push ahead and succeed. And she felt she had nothing to lose but everything to gain. 3. What have you heard about the blacks in the States? As far as I know, the blacks in the States were traded here from Africa. Before the Civil War, the majority of the blacks worked as slaves in the States, particularly in the South. Over a long period in history, they lived in very poor conditions at the bottom of the society, despised by the white in general, and suffering inequality and indignity in all ways from human rights to political significance. Though, the circumstances with them grew better after the Civil War, cases are frequently reported that the blacks were treated unjustly in the States. Cultural Notes 1. Eatonville It is a small community of great significance to African-American history and culture. Located just north of Orlando, Florida between Winter Park and Maitland, it is historically recognized as the first incorporated African-American municipality in the United States and one of the oldest surviving African communities in the U.S. Following the Civil War, “free” Africans settling in the area worked primarily as farm hands clearing land or helping in the construction of nearby Maitland, a white township. Eatonville is culturally important for its renowned native daughter, Zora Neale Hurston, author, anthropologist and folklorist. Her words captured forever the culture
of the community and painted an image of an environment typical of the rural Southern working-class African-American. Each January, Eatonville plays host to the Zora neale hurston festival of the arts and humanities. In addition to zora neale Hurston, other notable residents of Eatonville include Hall of Fame football player, Deacon Jones and Dr. Benjamin Perry, president of Florida a&M Universit 2. Orlando It is the fifth-ranking U.S. destination of overseas travelers--after San Francisco Miami, Los Angeles and New York City-and it claims the second highest number of hotel rooms in the U.S., lagging just behind Las Vegas in the bedroom stakes. The city has also established itself as part of Floridas high-tech corridor, boasting not only the space technology industries focused on the Florida Space Coast (also keen on booms"), but a healthy dose of bits and bytes makers as well 3. Jacksonville It is 134 miles northeast of Orlando, Florida. Once infamous for its smelly paper mills, it is now one of the South's insurance and banking capitals Although Jacksonville claims to be the capital of Florida's historic"First Coast", the city dates its beginnings from an early-1800s settlement named Cowford, because cattle crossed the st. Johns river here. Cowford changed its name to jacksonville in 1822 to honor General Andrew Jackson, the provisional governor who forced Spain to cede florida to the United States 2 years earlier. 4. Zora Neale Hurston(1891-1960) She is an American writer, folklorist and anthropologist. Born in Eatonville, Florida, Hurston was educated at Howard University, at Barnard College, and at Columbia University, where she studied under German-American anthropologist Franz boas Eatonville was the first incorporated all-black town in the United States, and Hurston returned there after college for anthropolog ical field study that influenced her later output in fiction as well as in folklore Main Idea: The text is about when I was young living in the Negro town of Eatonville, I enjoyed watching and contacting the white people d ifference between black and white was that the white rode through town and never lived there. When I moved to a school in Jacksonville, I was taken as a black girl. It didn't depress me, though. Rather, I regarded as an ad vantage the history that my forefathers had been slaves. In my view, people of different colors are just the differently colored bags with almost the same contents in them Structure: The passage is divided into three parts. In the first part, the author makes it clear that Zora, as a little black girl, didnt feel any difference from the white. The second part serves as a transitional part, rela ting that Zora was made to realize that she was a black girl. The third part comes to the argument that the knowledge of being a black girl didnt depress Zora, and she was not always ous of her color Part 1(Paras. 1-3: A general introduction: I didnt feel the difference between the black and the white when i was a little girl. Part 2(Paras. 4)A transitional paragraph I was made to realize that i was a little black girl Part 3 (Paras. 5-7)
of the community and painted an image of an environment typical of the rural Southern working-class African-American. Each January, Eatonville plays host to the Zora Neale Hurston Festival of the Arts and Humanities. In addition to Zora Neale Hurston, other notable residents of Eatonville include Hall of Fame football player, Deacon Jones and Dr. Benjamin Perry, president of Florida A&M University. 2. Orlando It is the fifth-ranking U.S. destination of overseas travelers—after San Francisco, Miami, Los Angeles and New York City—and it claims the second highest number of hotel rooms in the U.S., lagging just behind Las Vegas in the bedroom stakes. The city has also established itself as part of Florida’s high-tech corridor, boasting not only the space technology industries focused on the Florida Space Coast (also keen on “booms”), but a healthy dose of bits and bytes makers as well. 3. Jacksonville It is 134 miles northeast of Orlando, Florida. Once infamous for its smelly paper mills, it is now one of the South’s insurance and banking capitals. Although Jacksonville claims to be the capital of Florida’s historic “First Coast”, the city dates its beginnings from an early-1800s settlement named Cowford, because cattle crossed the St. Johns River here. Cowford changed its name to Jacksonville in 1822 to honor General Andrew Jackson, the provisional governor who forced Spain to cede Florida to the United States 2 years earlier. 4. Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) She is an American writer, folklorist and anthropologist. Born in Eatonville, Florida, Hurston was educated at Howard University, at Barnard College, and at Columbia University, where she studied under German-American anthropologist Franz Boas. Eatonville was the first incorporated all-black town in the United States, and Hurston returned there after college for anthropological field study that influenced her later output in fiction as well as in folklore. Main Idea: The text is about when I was young living in the Negro town of Eatonville, I enjoyed watching and contacting the white people. To me, the difference between black and white was that the white rode through town and never lived there. When I moved to a school in Jacksonville, I was taken as a black girl. It didn’t depress me, though. Rather, I regarded as an advantage the history that my forefathers had been slaves. In my view, people of different colors are just the differently colored bags with almost the same contents in them. Structure: The passage is divided into three parts. In the first part, the author makes it clear that Zora, as a little black girl, didn’t feel any difference from the white. The second part serves as a transitional part, relating that Zora was made to realize that she was a black girl. The third part comes to the argument that the knowledge of being a black girl didn’t depress Zora, and she was not always conscious of her color. Part 1 (Paras. 1-3 ): A general introduction: I didn’t feel the difference between the black and the white when I was a little girl. Part 2 (Paras. 4) A transitional paragraph: I was made to realize that I was a little black girl . Part 3 (Paras. 5-7)
My family background of having slave forefathers and my color didnt give me the feeling of being inferior to the white. Detailed Reading (language study patterns) 1(I-) to be something else again/ /another thing(L.6)又是另一回事 eg.卖嘴是一回事,实干又是另一回事。 While lip-service is something/one thing, solid work is quite something else 2. to peer at/into/ through(L.6)凝视:仔细看 eg.司机在雾中费力地看着前方,想要看清路标。 The driver was peering into the distance through the mist, try ing to read the road 3. to get pleasure out of sth(L.8)从中获得乐趣 eg对于喜爱冒险的人来说,最大的乐趣来自于诸如攀岩、蹦极、特技跳伞等 冒险活动。 To those who enjoy risks, the greatest pleasure is obtained out of such adventures as rock ng, bungee Jumping 4 to be a front row seat for sb.(L.9)对某人来说就像前排座位一样 eg.在火星上工作的探测器使科学家们可以清晰地观察这个星球。那里可能 曾经存在支持生命的水 The probe at work on the mars is a front row seat for scientists who can make clear inspection into the planet where life-sustaining water may exist or have existed 5. In passing(L.11)顺便;附带地 eg.尽管他不是靠盗窃为生,但他经常干些顺手牵羊的事 Although he does not make a living by stealing, he often takes something in passing 6.just) in time to do sth.(L.16)正好赶上做某事 eg在许多好菜坞大片的末尾,人们总能及时设法消除致命性的灾难,使人类免遭灭顶之 灾。 At the end of many Hollywood blockbusters, a solution to a fatal disaster is always worked out just in time to save mankind from termination 7. to give sb. generously of sth. (L. 23) eg.慷慨地把某物给某人 宽以待人者不仅能赢得他人的友谊,还会得到他人的关爱 Those giving other people generously of their tolerance can win love and care as wel as friendship of others 8. to suffer a huge change/loss/pain(L.33)遭遇了巨大的变化/损失/痛苦 eg经历过人生大起大落变化的人对生活之道会有更深刻的见解。 Those who have suffered huge changes in life have a deeper insight into the art of 9. to be at ones elbow(L.35)在(某人)手边/近旁
My family background of having slave forefathers and my color didn’t give me the feeling of being inferior to the white. Detailed Reading (language study & patterns) 1. Typical patterns for emphasis 1.(I-1) to be something else again /another thing (L. 6) 又是另一回事 e.g. 卖嘴是一回事，实干又是另一回事。 While lip-service is something/one thing, solid work is quite something else again/another thing. 2. to peer at/into/through (L. 6) 凝视；仔细看 e.g.司机在雾中费力地看着前方，想要看清路标。 The driver was peering into the distance through the mist, trying to read the road sign. 3. to get pleasure out of sth. (L. 8) 从·中获得乐趣 e.g.对于喜爱冒险的人来说，最大的乐趣来自于诸如攀岩、蹦极、特技跳伞等 冒险活动。 To those who enjoy risks, the greatest pleasure is obtained out of such adventures as rock climbing, bungee jumping and skydiving. 4. to be a front row seat for sb. (L. 9) 对某人来说就像前排座位一样 e.g. 在火星上工作的探测器使科学家们可以清晰地观察这个星球。那里可能或 曾经存在支持生命的水。 The probe at work on the Mars is a front row seat for scientists who can make clear inspection into the planet where life-sustaining water may exist or have existed. 5. in passing (L. 11) 顺便；附带地 e.g. 尽管他不是靠盗窃为生，但他经常干些顺手牵羊的事。 Although he does not make a living by stealing, he often takes something in passing. 6. (just) in time to do sth. (L. 16) 正好赶上做某事 e.g.在许多好莱坞大片的末尾，人们总能及时设法消除致命性的灾难，使人类免遭灭顶之 灾。 At the end of many Hollywood blockbusters, a solution to a fatal disaster is always worked out just in time to save mankind from termination. 7. to give sb. generously of sth. (L. 23) e.g. 慷慨地把某物给某人 宽以待人者不仅能赢得他人的友谊，还会得到他人的关爱。 Those giving other people generously of their tolerance can win love and care as well as friendship of others. 8. to suffer a huge change/loss/pain (L. 33) 遭遇了巨大的变化/损失/痛苦 e.g.经历过人生大起大落变化的人对生活之道会有更深刻的见解。 Those who have suffered huge changes in life have a deeper insight into the art of living. 9. to be at one’s elbow (L. 35) 在（某人）手边/近旁
eg挚友不一定与你朝夕相处,但他的关爱总是与你同在。 a bosom friend is not always at your elbow, but his care and love for you are 10. to register depression/surprise/excitement with sb.(L.36)使某人沮丧/吃惊/兴 奋 eg人要学会控制情绪,做到不以物喜,不以己悲。 One should learn to keep his emotion under such control that external gains cant register thrill with him and personal losses cant register sorrow with him, either ll. on the line(L.38)各就各位;骑墙;冒险;在分界线上 eg:由于利欲熏心有些官员常常拿自己的政治生涯冒险。 Driven by their greed for money, some officials often put their political careers on the 12. to be off to a flying start/to get off to a good(bad) start(L.39)飞速起跑/取得良 好(不利)的开端 eg良好的开端,是成功的一半 Anything is half done that gets off to a good start 13. the price one pays for.(L.40)为所付的代价 eg环境恶化是人类在征服大自然过程中为自己的急功近利所付出的代价。 Environmental deterioration is the price man has paid for his eagerness for instant success and quick profits in conquering nature After Reading activities 1. Summary Zora's hometown had an/a entirely Negro population and non-blacks were only ever seen passing through by the natives. The inhabitants watched the Southerners ride through while continuing to casually chew their sugar cane. Northerners, however drove automobiles and appeared d ifferent to Negro eyes. Most of the native blacks peered out of the window at them while only the bravest were courageous enough to stand outside and watch the strange tourists go by An unusual girl named Zora enjoyed talking with the northerners who, when she waved at them, often stopped. She would happily chat with the strangers, while accompanying them part of the way down the road, unless a family member appeared out of the house at which point the chat would be abruptly discontinued. To her at that time white people and black people were only unal ike to the extent that whites did not live in her town 2. Discussion Work in small groups and discuss the following questions 1. What did the timid people do when the northern travelers went through the town? 3. Why does the author say there was a strange exchange of greetings? ors"? 2. What does the word"show"in Paragraph 2 mean? Who were theact 4. Why did the author feel it strange to be given money when she was singing and dancing 3. Structured writing Now try to write you a letter of recommendation. You may choose the following
e.g.挚友不一定与你朝夕相处，但他的关爱总是与你同在。 A bosom friend is not always at your elbow, but his care and love for you are. 10．to register depression/surprise/excitement with sb. (L. 36) 使某人沮丧/吃惊/兴 奋 e.g.人要学会控制情绪，做到不以物喜，不以己悲。 One should learn to keep his emotion under such control that external gains can’t register thrill with him and personal losses can’t register sorrow with him, either. 11. on the line (L. 38) 各就各位; 骑墙; 冒险; 在分界线上 e.g.由于利欲熏心,有些官员常常拿自己的政治生涯冒险。 Driven by their greed for money, some officials often put their political careers on the line. 12. to be off to a flying start/to get off to a good (bad) start (L.39) 飞速起跑/取得良 好(不利)的开端 e.g.良好的开端，是成功的一半。 Anything is half done that gets off to a good start. 13. the price one pays for… (L. 40) 为·所付的代价 e.g.环境恶化是人类在征服大自然过程中为自己的急功近利所付出的代价。 Environmental deterioration is the price man has paid for his eagerness for instant success and quick profits in conquering nature. After Reading Activities 1. Summary Zora’s hometown had an/a entirely Negro population and non-blacks were only ever seen passing through by the natives. The inhabitants watched the Southerners ride through while continuing to casually chew their sugar cane. Northerners, however, drove automobiles and appeared different to Negro eyes. Most of the native blacks peered out of the window at them while only the bravest were courageous enough to stand outside and watch the strange tourists go by. An unusual girl named Zora enjoyed talking with the Northerners who, when she waved at them, often stopped. She would happily chat with the strangers, while accompanying them part of the way down the road, unless a family member appeared out of the house at which point the chat would be abruptly discontinued. To her at that time white people and black people were only unalike to the extent that whites did not live in her town. 2. Discussion Work in small groups and discuss the following questions. 1. What did the timid people do when the Northern travelers went through the town? 2. What does the word “show” in Paragraph 2 mean? Who were the “actors”? 3. Why does the author say there was a strange exchange of greetings? 4. Why did the author feel it strange to be given money when she was singing and dancing? 3. Structured Writing Now try to write you a letter of recommendation. You may choose the following
form. Here is a model letter that you can imitate Engineering College Air Force el U XIan. shaanxi 710038 P.R. China To Whom It May Concern Dear Sir or mad It has always been my pleasure to recommend close classmates for their further stud ies at higher educational institutions. But sol recommended is so outstand ing that i feel somewhat reluctant to write reference letters for him/her, for, you know, it is far from pleasant for one to part with hi favorites. And now Mr Li Mu is just in such a case with me Please be free to contact me in the earliest possible time if there is any need for further information about Mr Li Sincerely yours Wang Wei Homework 1. Finish the exercises in Section A 2. Prepare for Section B Section B Why are women afraid of wrinkles I. Reading Skills: Mixture of fact and Opinion When we are read ing for information, the first step is to make sure whether the article has presented us facts or opinions and to what extent they are reliable. To answer these questions, readers would feel it absolutely necessary to keep facts and opinions apart; and in the case of mixture of facts and opinions, we have to distinguish the words representing facts from those representing opinions Look for words that interpret one's opinions such as pretty, ugly, handsome, dangerous, evil, attractive, well-dressed, good, etc. If we say a girl is pretty or ugly,, it is clear that it is only our point of view. Words like probably, perhaps, usually, often, sometimes, on occasion are used to limit the facts, and to indicate the possibility of other cases or opinions Some words imply clearly that an opinion will follow; these are words like I believe, I think, in my opinion, Ifeel, I suggest, etc They were peered at cautiously from behind curtains by the timid. (Para. 1, Reading Passage A, Unit 8) Even though the words cautiously, the timid state opinions, the sentence states facts-peered at, from behind curtains. The main point of the sentence is to describe the fact that the Northerners were being peered at from behind curtains. Thus the sentence is basically factual I. Language points 1. beat back: force sb. or sth. to go back击退,逐回
form. Here is a model letter that you can imitate. Engineering College Air Force Engineering University Xi’an, Shaanxi 710038 P. R. China To Whom It May Concern: Dear Sir or Madam: It has always been my pleasure to recommend close classmates for their further studies at higher educational institutions. But sometimes the one to be recommended is so outstanding that I feel somewhat reluctant to write reference letters for him/her, for, you know, it is far from pleasant for one to part with his favorites. And now Mr. Li Mu is just in such a case with me. Please be free to contact me in the earliest possible time if there is any need for further information about Mr. Li. Sincerely yours Wang Wei Homework 1. Finish the exercises in Section A. 2. Prepare for Section B. Section B Why Are Women Afraid of Wrinkles Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Mixture of Fact and Opinion When we are reading for information, the first step is to make sure whether the article has presented us facts or opinions and to what extent they are reliable. To answer these questions, readers would feel it absolutely necessary to keep facts and opinions apart; and in the case of mixture of facts and opinions, we have to distinguish the words representing facts from those representing opinions. Look for words that interpret one’s opinions such as pretty, ugly, handsome, dangerous, evil, attractive, well-dressed, good, etc. If we say a girl is pretty or ugly, it is clear that it is only our point of view. Words like probably, perhaps, usually, often, sometimes, on occasion are used to limit the facts, and to indicate the possibility of other cases or opinions. Some words imply clearly that an opinion will follow; these are words like I believe, I think, in my opinion, I feel, I suggest, etc. Example 1 They were peered at cautiously from behind curtains by the timid. (Para. 1, Reading Passage A, Unit 8) Even though the words cautiously, the timid state opinions, the sentence states many facts—peered at, from behind curtains. The main point of the sentence is to describe the fact that the Northerners were being peered at from behind curtains. Thus the sentence is basically factual. Ⅱ. Language Points: 1. beat back: force sb. or sth. to go back 击退，逐回
e.g. 1)Isabel beat the dog back with some unknown strength 2)Three police officers beat back the intense heat and smoke from the fire and saved the children 2. pour out: tell; express( (feelings or sb. s words) quickly or eagerly倾吐,诉说 e.g. 1)In six letters he poured out to her his hopes, his feelings, and his frustrations 2)Then she poured out in detail the hurt and misery she had recently suffered 3 have/be to do with: have a connection with; concern(sth.orsb.)和……有关系 e.g. 1) These are long stand ing, difficult, complex, sensitive issues relating to security which have to do with the preservation of life 2)But some of these projects clearly also have to do with the problem of conserving cultural trad ition 4. on the surface: on the outer or top part or layer of sth.面上,表面上 e.g. 1)Whatever their difference on the surface, their company was excellent for 2)What on the surface appeared a relatively minor issue in fact went to the heart of a fundamental question facing the Social Democrats 5. interact with: have an effect on(sth. else or one another))与…互相作用, 与…互相影响 e.g. 1)What is more, these factors interact with one another and different combinations and sequences will determine what eventually happens when it comes to as far as sth is concerned当涉及到,当谈到 2)Everyday, people interact with one another and whether this is done informally or formally it involves a topic or a string of topics 6. prompt:n. make sb. decide to do sth; cause sth to happen激起,促进 e.g. 1) The thought of her daughter's wedd ing day prompted her to lose some weight 2) The hastily arranged visit has been prompted by growing concern in Russia over the state of economic ties between the two countries 7. do the trick: succeed in solv ing a problem or achieving a particular result 1%,it 到目的 e.g. 1) That did the trick, and in January Susan was offered a four figure sum 2)Becoming better at what we do and widening the gap between selling price and manufacturing cost is the only target that will do the trick for us 8. absorb: v. 1. suck up or take in DX4 2. take up all one's attention and energy 15 全神贯注 e.g. 1) Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil 2 The old man was utterly absorbed in the book They are going to tear down the old hospital and build a block of offices 9. demonstrate v show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence BA e.g. 1)These results demonstrate convincingly that our publicity campaign is working 2 )His sudden departure had demonstrated how unreliable he was 10. symbolic:a. containing symbols, or being used as a symbol象征的,象征性的 e.g. 1)The Channel Tunnel has enormous symbolic significance for a united Europe
e.g. 1) Isabel beat the dog back with some unknown strength. 2) Three police officers beat back the intense heat and smoke from the fire and saved the children. 2. pour out: tell; express (feelings or sb.’s words) quickly or eagerly 倾吐，诉说 e.g.1) In six letters he poured out to her his hopes, his feelings, and his frustrations. 2) Then she poured out in detail the hurt and misery she had recently suffered. 3. have/be to do with: have a connection with; concern (sth. or sb.) 和······有关系 e.g.1) These are long standing, difficult, complex, sensitive issues relating to security, which have to do with the preservation of life. 2) But some of these projects clearly also have to do with the problem of conserving cultural tradition. 4. on the surface: on the outer or top part or layer of sth. 面上，表面上 e.g.1) Whatever their difference on the surface, their company was excellent for business. 2) What on the surface appeared a relatively minor issue in fact went to the heart of a fundamental question facing the Social Democrats. 5. interact with: have an effect on (sth. else or one another) 与······互相作用， 与······互相影响 e.g. 1)What is more, these factors interact with one another and different combinations and sequences will determine what eventually happens. when it comes to: as far as sth. is concerned 当涉及到，当谈到 2) Everyday, people interact with one another and whether this is done informally or formally it involves a topic or a string of topics. 6. prompt: v. make sb. decide to do sth.; cause sth. to happen 激起，促进 e.g. 1) The thought of her daughter’s wedding day prompted her to lose some weight. 2) The hastily arranged visit has been prompted by growing concern in Russia over the state of economic ties between the two countries. 7. do the trick: succeed in solving a problem or achieving a particular result 有效，达 到目的 e.g. 1) That did the trick, and in January Susan was offered a four figure sum. 2)Becoming better at what we do and widening the gap between selling price and manufacturing cost is the only target that will do the trick for us. 8. absorb: v. 1. suck up or take in 吸收 2. take up all one’s attention and energy 使 全神贯注 e.g. 1) Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil. 2)The old man was utterly absorbed in the book. They are going to tear down the old hospital and build a block of offices. 9. demonstrate: v. show sth. clearly by giving proof or evidence 表明 e.g. 1)These results demonstrate convincingly that our publicity campaign is working. 2)His sudden departure had demonstrated how unreliable he was. 10. symbolic: a. containing symbols, or being used as a symbol 象征的, 象征性的 e.g. 1) The Channel Tunnel has enormous symbolic significance for a united Europe
2)The snake is symbolic of evil 11. abnormal: a. different, esp. in a way that is not desirable, from what is normal, ord inary or expected反常的,不规则的,变态的,畸形的 e.g. 1)We know that sudden exercise can produce abnormal heart rhythms, which can cause death 2)The equipment can separate abnormal from normal red blood cells 前缀ab-,意思为from, away from,of abrupt ad.突然的;唐突的 absorb"吸收;并吞;使全神贯注 abuse I滥用;妄用 abstain 1.戒绝 abstract".提炼n摘要ac抽象的 I. Test Yourself Dictation 1. Last week mill ions of people in the United States and Canada suddenly found themselves in a whole new environment. Electricity stopped flowing along thousands of kilometers of power lines 2. The blackout happened August fourteenth. It lasted for hours, and stretched across a huge area of the northeastern and midwestern United States. Among the d arkened were New York Detroit Michigan: and Cleveland. Ohio 3. Toronto and Ottawa were the major Canad ian cities affected. By Saturday, August sixteenth, power had returned almost everywhere. Economists say they expect no serious harm to the economy 4. This was the largest blackout in American history. The last major one was in the West seven years ago. Officials have warned that the power system is getting old 5. Modern living demands more and more electricity. Experts say thousands of kilometers of new lines are needed. All this will cost lots of money. But that is not the only issue. Some communit ies have fought efforts to build new high-voltage lines across their land
2) The snake is symbolic of evil. 11. abnormal: a. different, esp. in a way that is not desirable, from what is normal, ordinary or expected 反常的, 不规则的, 变态的, 畸形的 e.g. 1) We know that sudden exercise can produce abnormal heart rhythms, which can cause death. 2) The equipment can separate abnormal from normal red blood cells. 前缀: ab-, 意思为 from, away from, off abrupt adj. 突然的；唐突的 absorb v. 吸收；并吞；使全神贯注 abuse v. 滥用；妄用 abstain v. 戒绝 abstract v. 提炼 n. 摘要 adj. 抽象的 Ⅲ. Test Yourself Dictation 1. Last week millions of people in the United States and Canada suddenly found themselves in a whole new environment. Electricity stopped flowing along thousands of kilometers of power lines. 2. The blackout happened August fourteenth. It lasted for hours, and stretched across a huge area of the northeastern and midwestern United States. Among the cities darkened were New York; Detroit, Michigan; and Cleveland, Ohio. 3. Toronto and Ottawa were the major Canadian cities affected. By Saturday, August sixteenth, power had returned almost everywhere. Economists say they expect no serious harm to the economy. 4. This was the largest blackout in American history. The last major one was in the West seven years ago. Officials have warned that the power system is getting old. 5. Modern living demands more and more electricity. Experts say thousands of kilometers of new lines are needed. All this will cost lots of money. But that is not the only issue. Some communities have fought efforts to build new high-voltage lines across their land