Unit Seven Section a Lighten Your load and save Your life Teaching objective: to teach the students how to use some new words and phrases typical sentence structures out of the text; to practice the students' skill of translating and summarizing; and to get the students know how to relieve their stress in study and life Questions for discussion 1. Do you often experience stress in your study or everyday life? 2. How d t rid of Teaching process Background information Benjamin(Ben) Franklin, a very famous American of the 1700s best known for his experiments with electricity and nature using kite Step Two: Text analysis 1. Central topic: Centering around how to lighten your load and save your life, the passage analyzes the root of stress and provides the ways of reducing stress accord ing to the study of Dr. Robert S. Eliot of Nebraska University Part I(Paras. 1-7): The relation between stress and health discovered by Dr. robert s Eliot Part II (Paras. 8-11): The root of stress Part III(Paras. 12-20): The ways of lightening the load 2. Major writing techniques 1) Quotation 2)Exemplification 3)Cause and effect Step three words and phrases 1. be overwhelmed with /by; overwhelming /irresistible /overpowering devastating 2. out of control: beyond control /under control 3. among other things to name a few She's very keen on sports: among other things, she plays tennis once a week 4. excess: extra/ additional; excessive: too much; exceed /surpass /excel /top excess:amount that is more than necessary Inflation results from an excess of demand over supply excessive/exceed/ access excel( excellent)/ surpass/ exceed/ in excess of超过,多于/ access
Unit Seven Section A Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life Teaching objective: to teach the students how to use some new words and phrases, typical sentence structures out of the text; to practice the students’ skill of translating and summarizing; and to get the students know how to relieve their stress in study and life. Questions for discussion 1. Do you often experience stress in your study or everyday life? 2. How do you get rid of it? Teaching process: Step One: Warm up activity Background information: Benjamin (Ben) Franklin, a very famous American of the 1700’s best known for his experiments with electricity and nature using kites. Step Two: Text analysis 1. Central topic: Centering around how to lighten your load and save your life, the passage analyzes the root of stress and provides the ways of reducing stress according to the study of Dr. Robert S. Eliot of Nebraska University. Part I (Paras.1-7): The relation between stress and health discovered by Dr. Robert S. Eliot. Part II (Paras. 8-11): The root of stress. Part III (Paras. 12-20): The ways of lightening the load. 2. Major writing techniques 1) Quotation 2) Exemplification 3) Cause and effect Step Three Words and Phrases 1. be overwhelmed with / by; overwhelming / irresistible / overpowering / devastating 2. out of control: beyond control / under control 3. among other things: to name a few She’s very keen on sports: among other things, she plays tennis once a week. 4. excess: extra / additional; excessive: too much; exceed / surpass / excel / top excess: amount that is more than necessary Inflation results from an excess of demand over supply. excessive / exceed / access excel ( excellent ) / surpass / exceed / in excess of 超过, 多于/ access
To excel in something is to be very good at it People excel in different things In international competitions, the Chinese excel in (at)table-tennis and aswt越过,超过;凌驾 The task surpassed his skil The cost will not exceed$50.费用不会超过50美元。 The results of the competition exceeded our expectations.比赛的结果比我们预 料的好。 5.1) attribute to=owe..to归因于,认为是……的结果 The heavy snow attributed the delay of our school bus this morning.因下雪而耽 搁 David attributed his company's success to the unity of all the staff and their persevering hard work 大卫说他们公司之所以获得成功是由于全体员工的团结和坚持不懈努力工 作的结果。 2) contribute vt.贡献出;投(稿);捐赠(款项等) contribute to the Red cross向红十字会捐献 contribute to a literary journal向文学杂志投稿 Drink contributed to his ruin.酗酒促使他毁灭。 They contributed food and clothing for the refugees他们向难民捐赠食品和衣 物 3) distribute vt分发,分配,散布,分类, distribute books among the students把书分给学生 d istribute seed s over a field在田间播种 4) tribute n.贡品,礼物,颂词,殷勤,贡物;(与to连用)赞词;颂词;礼物 The doctor paid tribute to his nurses by praising their work.医生称赞护士们的 pay a high tribute to sb. 's ability高度称赞某人的能力 6. delegate: give to sb. for a certain time; delegation:n.代表团,授权,委托 He delegate his responsibilities to his assistant when he goes on business The people delegate their power to the Congress人民授权予国会。 Many countries send delegates to the United States 7. emphasis: give emphasis to/put emphasis on/ attach importance to 8. recommend /suggest/advise /propose doing,.+ sb to do;...+ that sb should do He is recommended for the award owing to his brave act of saving the drowning 9. substitute A for B=substitute B with A; replace A with/ by b
To excel in something is to be very good at it. People excel in different things. In international competitions, the Chinese excel in (at) table -tennis and badminton. surpass vt 越过，超过；凌驾 The task surpassed his skill. The cost will not exceed $50. 费用不会超过 50 美元。 The results of the competition exceeded our expectations. 比赛的结果比我们预 料的好。 5. 1) attribute to = owe … to 归因于，认为是……的结果 The heavy snow attributed the delay of our school bus this morning. 因下雪而耽 搁 David attributed his company's success to the unity of all the staff and their persevering hard work. 大卫说他们公司之所以获得成功是由于全体员工的团结和坚持不懈努力工 作的结果。 2) contribute vt. 贡献出; 投（稿）; 捐赠（款项等） contribute to the Red Cross 向红十字会捐献 contribute to a literary journal 向文学杂志投稿 Drink contributed to his ruin. 酗酒促使他毁灭。 They contributed food and clothing for the refugees. 他们向难民捐赠食品和衣 物。 3) distribute vt.分发, 分配, 散布, 分类, distribute books among the students 把书分给学生 distribute seeds over a field 在田间播种 4) tribute n.贡品, 礼物, 颂词, 殷勤, 贡物;（与 to 连用）赞词；颂词；礼物 The doctor paid tribute to his nurses by praising their work. 医生称赞护士们的 工作。 pay a high tribute to sb.'s ability 高度称赞某人的能力 6. delegate: give to sb. for a certain time; delegation: n.代表团, 授权, 委托 He delegate his responsibilities to his assistant when he goes on business. The people delegate their power to the Congress. 人民授权予国会。 Many countries send delegates to the United States. 7. emphasis: give emphasis to / put emphasis on / attach importance to 8. recommend / suggest / advise / propose + doing; … + sb + to do; … + that + sb. should do He is recommended for the award owing to his brave act of saving the drowning child. 9. substituteA for B = substitute B with A; replace A with/ by B
10. stimulate /simulate /inspire generate/arouse The beautiful view / scenery of countryside inspired him to write poems Zhang Jiajie is a world-famous scenic spot ll. even-tempered:性情平和的;mild- tempered,hot- quick-/ short-tempered:脾气 急躁的; sweet-tempered;mody- tempered:喜怒无常的; good-tempered; bad-/ill-tempered 12. troublesome. a- student a- matter quarrelsome:好争吵的; burdensome:繁重的,负担的; tiresome: boring lonesome:孤单的 13. dead line the last possible date or time by which sth. must be done or finished What's your dead line for finishing the book report? The work was done two hours before Friday's 5 p. m. deadline front line/hotline/ finish line/ scratch line tnese /underline/headline/ outline 4. overwhelm vt le was overwhelmed with grief at the news of his son's death in an accident 听到儿子在事故中丧生的消息,他悲痛欲绝 They were overwhelmed by the enemy.他们被敌军击败了 15. attribute vt They attributed their success to their teachers encouragement 他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。 1,150 deaths a year can be attributed to drunk driving.每年有1,150人死于酒后 驾驶。 16. exterior n& a He is a gentle man with a rough exterior.他是一个外表粗鲁但性情温和的男 人 In some of the villages the exterior walls of the houses are painted pink 有一些村庄的外墙刷成了粉红色 17. delegate v &n Many nations send delegates to the United States.许多国家向联合国派驻代 表 He delegated his responsibilities to an assistant.他委托一名助手代施其责 18. .. they have no compass in life. And they give the same emphasis to a traffic jam that they give a family argument Meaning: These people have no way to know the right direction they should follow in life. And they get equally angry about a traffic jam and about a family Compass"refers to a device used to find direction. In this sentence " compass
10. stimulate / simulate / inspire / generate / arouse The beautiful view / scenery of countryside inspired him to write poems. Zhang Jiajie is a world-famous scenic spot . 11. even-tempered: 性情平和的；mild-tempered; hot-/quick-/short-tempered: 脾气 急躁的 ；sweet-tempered; moody-tempered: 喜怒无 常的 ；good-tempered; bad-/ill-tempered 12. troublesome: a ~ student; a ~ matter quarrelsome: 好争吵的；burdensome: 繁重的，负担的；tiresome: boring; lonesome: 孤单的 13. deadline: the last possible date or time by which sth. must be done or finished What's your deadline for finishing the book report? The work was done two hours before Friday's 5 p. m. deadline. front line / hotline / finish line / scratch line 起跑线 / underline / headline / outline 14. overwhelm vt. He was overwhelmed with grief at the news of his son’s death in an accident. 听到儿子在事故中丧生的消息, 他悲痛欲绝。 They were overwhelmed by the enemy. 他们被敌军击败了。 15. attribute vt. They attributed their success to their teacher’s encouragement. 他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。 1,150 deaths a year can be attributed to drunk driving. 每年有 1,150 人死于酒后 驾驶。 16. exterior n..& a He is a gentle man with a rough exterior. 他是一个外表粗鲁但性情温和的男 人。 In some of the villages the exterior walls of the houses are painted pink. 有一些村庄的外墙刷成了粉红色。 17. delegate v. &n. Many nations send delegates to the United States. 许多国家向联合国派驻代 表。 He delegated his responsibilities to an assistant. 他委托一名助手代施其责。 18. …they have no compass in life. And they give the same emphasis to a traffic jam that they give a family argument,” … (Para. 10) Meaning: These people have no way to know the right direction they should follow in life. And they get equally angry about a traffic jam and about a family quarrel. “Compass” refers to a device used to find direction. In this sentence “compass
s used in its figurative sense Can you recommend me a good hotel in the city?你能给我介绍一家城里的好 旅馆吗? They recommend her for the job.他们推荐她做这项工作 a. If it is followed directly by a verb the verb should be in the -ing form b. If it is followed by a"that-clause, the verb in the"that-clause " should be used in its base form or used together with the modal auxiliary "should 20. substitute van He subst ituted for the worker who was ill他代替那个生病的工人 Water isn't a proper substitute for wine.水不是酒的恰当替代品。 21. cut down Your article is too long. Please cut it down to 1, 000 words 你的文章太长了,请压缩至1,000个词 22. blow one's top(L.31) 当谈话第三次被电话铃打断时,他大发雷霆 He blew his top when the conversation was interrupted by telephone for the third 23. stir in one's own juice(L. 34) 他为自己的过失而受煎熬。 He stirred in his own juice because of the mistake he 24. blow apart L.37) 他是如此生气以至于他觉得自己都要爆炸了 He was so angry that he felt he was going to blow apart 25. be on ones trail (L. 44) 在人生的路上行走时不要忘记时不时停下来看看风景 Remember to enjoy from time to time the view along when you are walking on your trail of life Step Four After-read ing activity Summarize the passage using the tips below 1)frequent anger and overwhelming stress 2)take charge of your life 3)tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure 4)crazy heart rhythms 5)FUD factors-fear, uncertainty and doubt 6) the root of their stres
is used in its figurative sense. 19. recommend vt. Can you recommend me a good hotel in the city? 你能给我介绍一家城里的好 旅馆吗? They recommend her for the job. 他们推荐她做这项工作。 a. If it is followed directly by a verb, the verb should be in the -ing form. b. If it is followed by a “that-clause”, the verb in the “that-clause” should be used in its base form or used together with the modal auxiliary “should”. 20. substitute v&n. He substituted for the worker who was ill. 他代替那个生病的工人。 Water isn’t a proper substitute for wine. 水不是酒的恰当替代品。 21. cut down Your article is too long. Please cut it down to 1,000 words. 你的文章太长了，请压缩至 1,000 个词。 22. blow one’s top (L.31) 当谈话第三次被电话铃打断时，他大发雷霆。 He blew his top when the conversation was interrupted by telephone for the third time. 23. stir in one’s own juice (L.34) 他为自己的过失而受煎熬。He stirred in his own juice because of the mistake he made. 24. blow apart (L.37) 他是如此生气以至于他觉得自己都要爆炸了。 He was so angry that he felt he was going to blow apart. 25. be on one’s trail (L.44) 在人生的路上行走时不要忘记时不时停下来看看风景。 Remember to enjoy from time to time the view along when you are walking on your trail of life. Step Four After-reading activity 1. Summarizing Summarize the passage using the tips below. 1) frequent anger and overwhelming stress 2) take charge of your life 3) tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure 4) crazy heart rhythms 5) FUD factors—fear, uncertainty and doubt 6) the root of their stress
) a feeling that everything must be perfect 8)a lack of compass in life 9)the NICE factors-new, interesting, challenging experiences 10)set your priorities in your life 11)flow rather than fight or flee 2. Work in groups and discuss the following questions with your group, using many words and expressions you learned from the text as possible 3) How can you take charge of your life? eir stress your own heart? 1)What do you need to do in order to avoid breaking 2) For many people, what is the root of their stress How can you decide what parts of your life you can control Section B and Section C 1. Reading skills 2. Ask the students to translate some d ifficult sentences Step Five self Test Section A 1. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world the majority are inactive(CET-6, 97-1, 59 2) A)tremendous B)demanding C)intensive overwhelm by their kindness and moved to tears. ( CET-6, 95-6, 54 A)preoccupied B)embarrassed C)overwhelmed D)counselled 2. How large a proportion of the sales of stores in or near resort areas can be to tourist spend ing?(在职硕士,1998-6,28题) B)applied C)attributed D attached Edison s success to his intelligence and hard work. (CET-6, 1991-6, 69 B)attribute D)refer The car accident was (CET6,1993-1,53题) B)contributed C)attributed the present teaching situation to the examination-oriented ducation system.(教育硕士联考,2001-1,12题) B)appo D)admit
7) a feeling that everything must be perfect 8) a lack of compass in life 9) the NICE factors—new, interesting, challenging experiences 10) set your priorities in your life 11) flow rather than fight or flee 2. Work in groups and discuss the following questions with your group, using as many words and expressions you learned from the text as possible. 1) What do you need to do in order to avoid breaking your own heart? 2) For many people, what is the root of their stress? 3) How can you take charge of your life? 4) How can you decide what parts of your life you can control? Section B and Section C 1. Reading skills 2. Ask the students to translate some difficult sentences. Step Five Self Test: Section A 1. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the ______ majority are inactive. (CET-6, 97-1, 59 题) A) tremendous B) demanding C) intensive D) overwhelming I was ______ by their kindness and moved to tears. (CET-6, 95-6, 54 题) A) preoccupied B) embarrassed C) overwhelmed D) counselled 2. How large a proportion of the sales of stores in or near resort areas can be ______ to tourist spending? (在职硕士, 1998-6, 28 题) A) contributed B) applied C) attributed D) attached We ______ Edison's success to his intelligence and hard work. (CET-6, 1991-6, 69 题) A) subject B) attribute C) owe D) refer The car accident was ______ to the driver's violation of the traffic regulations. (CET-6, 1993-1, 53 题) A) assigned B) contributed C) attributed D) transferred Experts ______ the present teaching situation to the examination-oriented education system. (教育硕士联考, 2001-1, 12 题) A) attach B) appoint C) attribute D) admit
3. John's mindless exterior concealed a warm and kindhearted nature. (I HRfi 士,20006,18题) A)appearance B) personality outlook temper 4. John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must the curiosity and creativity of children. (CET-4, 98-6, 50 BH) see B)stimulate D)secure n important property of a scientific theory is its ability to further search and further thinking about a particular topic.(硕士统考,19991,21题) A)stimulate B)renovate 5. Strenuous efforts have been made to government expenses to a desirable level!(硕士统考,1988-1,9题) A) cut down y砍倒,胜过,削减,删节 to cut down on smoking减少抽烟 B) cut short v打断,缩减(有时作 cut shorter)突然打断;突然中止 The chairman had to cut short the proceed ings.会议主席只得提早结束议程 C) cut out v切掉,裁剪出,取代,停止 D) cut off v切断,断绝,剥夺继 承权 6. When the whole area was by the flood, the government sent food there by helicopter (CET-3, 2000-1, 73 13) A) cut up切碎,歼灭,使丧气B) cut off c) cut away切掉,砍掉D)cut down砍倒,削减 7. Don't while I' m talking. You can say what you want later..(在职硕士, 1999-6,26题 A) cut out切掉,裁剪出停止B)cuti插嘴,插入,把插进C) cut off D)cut down 8. Jack was about to announce our plan but I CET6,97-6,55题) A)put him through B )turned him out C)gave him up D)cut him short Section b 9. He found the media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad (CET4,2005-1,56题) A)sufficient B)constant C)stead D) plenty 10. Over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady, but has risen steadily. (CET-6, 2003-6, 70 B)disposal C)consumption D)expend iture 11. Faster progress can be made through cooperation than through
3. John's mindless exterior concealed a warm and kindhearted nature. (在职硕 士,2000-6, 18 题) A) appearance B) personality C) outlook D) temper 4. John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must ______ the curiosity and creativity of children. (CET-4, 98-6, 50 题) A) seek B) stimulate C) shape D) secure An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to ______ further research and further thinking about a particular topic. (硕士统考, 1999-1, 21 题) A) stimulate B) renovate C) arouse D) advocate 5. Strenuous efforts have been made to ______ government expenses to a desirable level. (硕士统考, 1988-1, 9 题) A) cut down v.砍倒, 胜过, 削减, 删节 to cut down on smoking 减少抽烟 B) cut short v.打断, 缩减(有时作 cut shorter);突然打断；突然中止 The chairman had to cut short the proceedings. 会议主席只得提早结束议程。 C) cut out v.切掉, 裁剪出, 取代, 停止 D) cut off v.切断, 断绝, 剥夺继 承权 6. When the whole area was ______ by the flood, the government sent food there by helicopter. (CET-3, 2000-1, 73 题) A) cut up 切碎, 歼灭, 使丧气 B) cut off C) cut away 切掉, 砍掉 D) cut down 砍倒, 削减 7. Don't ______ while I'm talking. You can say what you want later. (在职硕士, 1999-6, 26 题) A) cut out 切掉, 裁剪出,停止 B) cut in插嘴, 插入, 把...插进 C) cut off D) cut down 8. Jack was about to announce our plan but I______. (CET-6, 97-6, 55 题) A) put him through B) turned him out C) gave him up D) cut him short Section B 9. He found the ______ media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad. (CET-4, 2005-1, 56 题) A) sufficient B) constant C) steady D) plenty 10. Over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady, but ______ has risen steadily. (CET-6, 2003-6, 70 题) A) dissipation B) disposal C) consumption D) expenditure 11. Faster progress can be made through cooperation than through ______ because
the sides that are against each other often waste time and energy learning the same things(CET-3, 1999-1, 53 0) A)match B)challenge C)competition D)race 12. He will resign in view of the complete failure of the research project (CET6,1999-1,64题) A)doubtfully B)adequately C) presumably 13. It's usually the case that people seldom behave In a way when in a furIous state.(硕士统考,1995-1,40题) A)stable B)rational C)legal D)credible 14. They were admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners (CET-4, 2003-9, 68 E1 A)denied B)declined C)deprived D)rejected American women were the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle. (CET-4, 91-6, 58 4) A)ignored B)neglected The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied area on the night of the fire (CET-6, 96-1, 41 14) A)to be B)to have beer D)be Failure in a required subject may result in the of a diploma. (CET-6 2001-6,45题) A)refusal B)betrayal C)denial D)burial He was admittance to the theatre for not being properly dressed.(硕士统 考,1988-1,12题 B)rejected C)repelled Some teenagers harbor a general ized resentment against society, which them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature. (hug 士统考,1993-1,22题) A)deprives B)restricts C)rejects D)denies 15. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play raising children. (CET-4, 2002-1, 48 RB) . ) incapable B)ind ispensable C)insensible infinite It is well known that knowledge is the cond ition for expansion of mind (硕士统考,1994-1,25题) A)incompatible B)incredible C)indefinite indispensable 16. First published in 1927, the charts remain an source for re re searchers
the sides that are against each other often waste time and energy learning the same things. (CET-3, 1999-1, 53 题) A) match B) challenge C) competition D) race 12. He will______ resign in view of the complete failure of the research project. (CET-6, 1999-1, 64 题) A) doubtfully B) adequately C) presumably D) reasonably 13. It's usually the case that people seldom behave ______ in a way when in a furious state. (硕士统考, 1995-1, 40 题) A) stable B) rational C) legal D) credible 14. They were ______admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners. (CET-4, 2003-9, 68 题) A) denied B) declined C) deprived D) rejected American women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle. (CET-4, 91-6, 58 题) A) ignored B) neglected C) refused D) denied The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied ______ in the area on the night of the fire. (CET-6, 96-1, 41 题) A) to be B) to have been C) having been D) be Failure in a required subject may result in the ______ of a diploma. (CET-6, 2001-6, 45 题) A) refusal B) betrayal C) denial D) burial He was ______ admittance to the theatre for not being properly dressed. (硕士统 考, 1988-1, 12 题) A) denied B) rejected C) repelled D) deprived Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which ______ them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature. (硕 士统考, 1993-1, 22 题) A) deprives B) restricts C) rejects D) denies 15. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play ______ roles in raising children. (CET-4, 2002-1, 48 题) A) incapable B) indispensable C) insensible D) infinite It is well known that knowledge is the ______ condition for expansion of mind. (硕士统考, 1994-1, 25 题) A) incompatible B) incredible C) indefinite D) indispensable 16. First published in 1927, the charts remain an ______ source for researchers
(CET4,20046,48题) A)identical B)indispensable inevitable 17. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their for world conquest (CET6,2001-1,33题) A)admiration B)ambition C)administration D)orientat 18. This crop does not do well in soils the one for which it has been specially developed (CET-4, 99-1, 56 8) A)outside B)other than C)beyond rather than Children in the United States are exposed to many influences their families.(在职硕士,19996,30题) A)rather than B)better than C)more than D)other than Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day ( CET-4, 99-6, 66 RB) B)more than C)better than rather than 19. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style personal one.(硕士统考,1995-1,7题) A)rather than B)other than C)better than D) less than Young adults older people are more likely to prefer pop songs. ( CET-4 96-6,40题) A)other than B)more than C)less than than Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people harm them (CET3,1998-6,54题) A)better than B)more than C)other than rather than
(CET-4, 2004-6, 48 题) A) identical B) indispensable C) intelligent D) inevitable 17. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their ______ for world conquest. (CET-6, 2001-1, 33 题) A) admiration B) ambition C) administration D)orientation 18. This crop does not do well in soils _____ the one for which it has been specially developed. (CET-4, 99-1, 56 题) A) outside B) other than C) beyond D) rather than Children in the United States are exposed to many influences ______ those of their families. (在职硕士, 1999-6, 30 题) A) rather than B) better than C) more than D) other than In no country _____ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. (CET-4, 99-6, 66 题) A) other than B) more than C) better than D) rather than 19. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style ______ in a personal one. (硕士统考, 1995-1, 7 题) A) rather than B) other than C) better than D) less than Young adults ______ older people are more likely to prefer pop songs. (CET-4, 96-6, 40 题) A) other than B) more than C) less than D) rather than Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people ______ harm them. (CET-3, 1998-6, 54 题) A) better than B) more than C) other than D) rather than