五组：presentation2020.3.31组长：李新越组员：马明睿毕嘉懿张馨日浦仕仙陶媛Unit4:BackgroundBasicinformationoftheaircrashin1982
组长：李新越 组员：马明睿 毕嘉懿 张馨日 浦仕仙 陶媛 五组：presentation 2020.3.31 Unit4:Background Basic information of the air crash in 1982
Basicinformationoftheaircrashin1982sharewithyou李新越This essay on an airplane crash in Washington, D.C..originally appeared in Time on January 25, 1982.This short essay about an air crash that took place in thecapital of the Us intheyear 1982.Aplane took off from theWashington National Airport and did not clear the bridge overthe Potomac River because of the thick ice on the wings.It hit the bridge and fell right into the river, bringing all thepassengers to instant death except six from the tail sectionwho found themselves gasping and struggling in the icy water.Only five people survived, and they were able to survivebecause of four heroes.第2页
第2页 一 Basic information of the air crash in 1982 share with you 李新越 This essay on an airplane crash in Washington, D.C., originally appeared in Time on January 25, 1982. This short essay about an air crash that took place in the capital of the US in the year 1982. A plane took off from the Washington National Airport and did not clear the bridge over the Potomac River because of the thick ice on the wings. It hit the bridge and fell right into the river, bringing all the passengers to instant death except six from the tail section who found themselves gasping and struggling in the icy water. Only five people survived, and they were able to survive because of four heroes
1982January13Plane crashes into Potomac River?DOnJanuary13,1982,anAirFloridaBoeing737-222plungesintothePotomacRiverinWashington,D.C.,killing78people.Thecrash,causedbybadweather,tookplace only two milesfromthe White House.TheAirFlorida flight took off from WashingtonNational Airport inArlingtonVirginiawith74passengersand5crewmembersonboard.Theplanehadflown intoWashington fromMiami in theearly afternoon andwas supposedtoreturntoFt.Lauderdale,Florida,aftera shortstop.However,snowinWashingtontemporarily closed theairport.When it reopened,the plane wasde-iced with chemical anti-freeze,butthe plane still had difficultymovingaway from the gate dueto the ice.When it eventually made it to the airport'sonlyusablerunway,it was forced to wait45 minutes for clearancetotake off
二 Marriage in America
Divers fromtheU.S.Nay navigatetheicyPotomacRiver,separatingWashington,fromArlington,Virginia.Theyareperformingthesoberingtaskofsearchingforvictims andwreckagefromAirFloridaFlight90,theplanethatcrashed intotherivertwodaysearlier
一 五组 Divers from the U.S. Navy navigate the icy Potomac River, separating Washington, D.C., from Arlington, Virginia. They are performing the sobering task of searching for victims and wreckage from Air Florida Flight 90, the plane that crashed into the river two days earlier
毕嘉懿·事情经过OnJanuary13,1982,oneoftheworstsnowstormsinthehistory of Washington,d.c.,hit thecity,whichexperiencedoneofthe coldest winters indecades,with temperaturesdropping to minus 4 degrees Celsius.At noon,clearskies opened andWashingtonnationalairport reopened.ABoeing737 jet, airFlorida 90,is readyfor Florida.At 15:59,Florida air 90 takes off.Minutes later,theplanehit the 14th street bridge,destroying four cars and killing five people.The incident took placejust 1,2oo yards from the pentagon.The plane then crashed into the icy potoma river inWashington, d.c., killing 78 people第5页
第5页 一 On January 13, 1982, one of the worst snowstorms in the history of Washington, d.c., hit the city, which experienced one of the coldest winters in decades, with temperatures dropping to minus 4 degrees Celsius. At noon, clear skies opened and Washington national airport reopened. A Boeing 737 jet, air Florida 90, is ready for Florida. At 15:59, Florida air 90 takes off. Minutes later, the plane hit the 14th street bridge, destroying four cars and killing five people. The incident took place just 1,200 yards from the pentagon. The plane then crashed into the icy potoma river in Washington, d.c., killing 78 people. 毕嘉懿 · 事情经过
张馨日·伤亡情况Onlyfivepeoplesurvived-fourpassengersand oneflight attendant-all inthe rear cabin when the planetook off.Survivors were rescued by nearby civilians andprofessional rescuers. The National TransportationSafety Board found that the cause of the accidentwas the pilot's misoperation.The pilot failed to start the engine's internal iceprotection system, used reverse thrust in the event ofa blizzard before takeoff, and did not suspend takeoffwhena failure of the power system was detected.第6页
第6页 一 张馨日 · 伤亡情况 Only five people survived-four passengers and one flight attendant-all in the rear cabin when the plane took off. Survivors were rescued by nearby civilians and professional rescuers. The National Transportation Safety Board found that the cause of the accident was the pilot's misoperation. The pilot failed to start the engine's internal ice protection system, used reverse thrust in the event of a blizzard before takeoff, and did not suspend takeoff when a failure of the power system was detected
陶媛Background*WeatherconditionsOnthatday,WashingtonNational Airport(DCA)wasclosedbyaheavysnowstorm.Itreopenedat noonundermarginal conditions asthe snowfallbegantoslacken.Thatafternoon,theplanewastoreturntoFortLauderdale-HollywoodInternationalAirportinDania, Florida.Thescheduled departure time was delayed about 1hour and45minutes because ofa backlog of arrivals anddepartures caused bythetemporaryclosingofWashingtonNationalAirport.AstheplanewasreadiedfordeparturefromDCA, a moderate snowfall continued.米lmproperdeicingprocedures（不适当的除冰程序）The Boeing 737 had a ground service agreement with Air Florida. That agreementspecified that covers forthe pitot tubes, static ports and engine inlets had to beused,buttheAmericanAirlinesemployeesdidnotcomplywiththoserules第顶页
第7页 一 陶媛 ❈ On that day, Washington National Airport(DCA) was closed by a heavy snowstorm. It reopened at noon under marginal conditions as the snowfall began to slacken. That afternoon, the plane was to return to Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport in Dania, Florida. The scheduled departure time was delayed about 1 hour and 45 minutes because of a backlog of arrivals and departures caused by the temporary closing of Washington National Airport. As the plane was readied for departure from DCA, a moderate snowfall continued. ❈ The Boeing 737 had a ground service agreement with Air Florida. That agreement specified that covers for the pitot tubes, static ports and engine inlets had to be used, but the American Airlines employees did not comply with those rules
马明睿Thecauseoftheaccident事故原因！?TechnicalreasonsTheimmediatecauseof challenger'sfailurewasa problemwithajoint（连接处）betweentwopartsontherightrocketmotor.Specifically,thesealring（密封圈），whichwasdesignedtopreventhot jetfuelfrom escapingfromthejoint, was damaged.RealreasonProblems with decision makingTherewereseriouserrorsinthedecisiontoflyontime,tosavecostsandtoflysafely.NAsA（美国航空局）chosetheformer,abigmistakeNASAhas not consideredwhichis moreimportant.NASAwouldratherflytheflawedvehiclethanacceptthe27-monthplan."Ithinkwetook ariskevery time,"Morloy recalls."we alsotook a risk onJanuary28fromthetimethecorrosion（腐蚀）wasdiscovered."Thisisthebehavior of a gambler.第8页
第8页 一 马明睿 🔥Technical reasons The immediate cause of challenger's failure was a problem with a joint （连接处）between two parts on the right rocket motor. Specifically, the seal ring（密封圈），which was designed to prevent hot jet fuel from escaping from the joint, was damaged. 💥Real reason Problems with decision making There were serious errors in the decision to fly on time, to save costs and to fly safely. NASA （美国航空局）chose the former, a big mistake. NASA has not considered which is more important. NASA would rather fly the flawed vehicle than accept the 27-month plan. "I think we took a risk every time," Morloy recalls. "we also took a risk on January 28 from the time the corrosion（腐蚀）was discovered." This is the behavior of a gambler. The cause of the accident 事故原因⁉️
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